403 pubblicazioni classificate nel seguente modo:

Towards a "behavioural design" approach for seismic risk reduction strategies of buildings and their environment
SAFETY SCIENCE
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Earthquake safety paradigms in urban scenarios can be represented by the following: buildings response to ground shaking; possibility to evacuate urban areas; rescuers’ assistance to evacuating pedestrians after reaching assembly points in the urban fabric. The first element is widely investigated and involves studies on buildings vulnerability and site hazard. Last two issues are strongly influenced by urban scenarios modifications due to the earthquake and human behaviours during both event and evacuation. Consequently, understanding how people behave in similar conditions becomes an essential issue in order to properly evaluate the urban risk assessment, efficiently organize evacuation procedures and plan interventions (on critical buildings, infrastructures). Hence, this paper firstly offers an overview of current literature on human behaviour in earthquake so far as urban scenario safety is concerned. Critical factors that determine individuals’ response performances focus on human behaviours and environmental modifications due to the earthquake. The study underlines how some of the assumptions about the existing paradigms seem to be not consistent with the knowledge set out in the literature: individuals’ behaviours are generally neglected while proposing risk-reduction strategies (management, interventions on buildings), and these strategies are supposed to directly induce correct emergency behaviours on people. On the contrary, a successful approach should combine traditional evaluations with innovative analyses on human behaviours and man–environment interactions in earthquake conditions: hence, this paper finally suggests a “behavioural design” approach. Following fire safety engineering criteria, simulation models would be used for evaluating the exposure parameter and check operative strategies for interferences reduction in emergency conditions.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236174

Uncertainties in Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Buildings Energy Efficiency Measures
JOURNAL OF FUNDAMENTALS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AND APPLICATIONS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236024

Urban scenarios modifications due to the earthquake: ruins formation criteria and interactions with pedestrians’ evacuation
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele; Wazinski, Chiara; Spalazzi, Luca; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: One of the most influencing elements in inhabitants’ earthquake safety definition is represented by the interactions between people and post-event environment in urban scenarios. Understanding and simulating rules for pedestrians’ motion in earthquake evacuation could be useful to inquire the risk assessment introducing the ‘‘human’’ factor influence: integrated ‘‘risk maps’’ could be realized by combining results of similar analyses with the traditional site hazard, buildings vulnerability and exposition indices. This work proposes an innovative approach based on the analysis of these interactions. Two experimentally-based activities are required: an analysis of human behaviors towards the post-earthquake environment; a relation for defining environmental modifications. Results firstly show a summary of man-environment interactions in earthquake evacuations. A possible criterion for path choice in evacuation is also numerically defined. A theoretical agent-based model is developed on these bases and summarizes phases, motion rules and man-environment interactions in earthquake pedestrians’ evacuation in urban scenarios. Secondly, quick criteria for scenario modifications involving ruins formation are proposed and evaluated: for each building, the percentages of internal and external ruins area is a function of its vulnerability and the expected earthquake Richter magnitude. Moreover, the external ruins formation criterion is validated by comparing predicted and effective values of ruins area depth in real cases. The model could be proposed as a tool for evaluating probable pedestrians’ choices in post-event scenarios, in order to reduce the interferences between the built environment and the evacuation process through interventions on buildings, urban fabric and strategies for emergency management.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236175

TiO2-treated different fired brick surfaces for biofouling prevention: Experimental and modelling results
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Autore/i: Graziani, Lorenzo; Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Biofouling on building façades, caused by the growth of bacteria, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, lichens and plants leads to aesthetical degradation and to an increase in the maintenance costs consequently. Recently, the use of nanotechnology to prevent this phenomenon has been increased due to their efficiency and affordable cost. Currently, the research focuses on the numerical modelling of biofouling in order to simulate the biofouling processes and to find the correlations between physical properties of substrata and growth of microorganisms. In this paper, biofouling tests were conducted on fired brick substrata with different intrinsic characteristics (porosity and roughness) by means of an accelerated growth test. Biofouling was evaluated through time by digital image analysis of specimens׳ surface and then the Avrami׳s law was applied to modelize the biofouling process. The model was adapted to include the inhibitory effect of TiO2 and a modified equation of Avrami was proposed. Results show a good agreement between simulation and the experimental data. Furthermore, the assumptions taken into account to discretize the real phenomenon were acceptable. The experimental analysis and the numerical modelling showed how the roughness and the porosity influenced the algal attachment.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229772

Prevention of algal growth on clay façades by photocatalytic TiO2 nanocoating
1st International Symposium on Building Pathology
Autore/i: Graziani, L.; Quagliarini, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Editore: FEUP Edições
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/255513

Livelli ottimali di costo per involucri ad alta efficienza energetica
INGENIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244811

NZEB e degrado biologico delle superfici
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Gianluca, Cursio
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: La direttiva 31/2010/UE richiede agli stati membri che tutti gli edifici di nuova costruzione, realizzati a partire dal 31 dicembre 2020 (2018 per gli edifici pubblici), siano «Nearly Zero Energy Buildings, NZEB», ovvero edifici “a energia quasi zero”, al netto dell’energia autoprodotta tramite impianti per la climatizzazione con fonti energetiche rinnovabili. Già oggi [1] è possibile trovare a livello mondiale, ed anche in Italia, costruzioni che si avvicinano a questo standard. A livello legislativo le azioni che vengono promosse (alcune sono di prossima attuazione) per raggiungere tale obiettivo privilegiano l’abbattimento dei consumi mediante l’introduzione di limiti di trasmittanza sempre più bassi. Appare possibile, a breve, un significativo abbattimento dei valori fissati dal D.Lgs. 311/06. Sebbene questa strada sia quella più “facile” per ottenere ulteriori riduzioni dei consumi, va considerato che, in caso di estremizzazione del concetto di isolamento, si introducono nei componenti edilizi modelli di funzionamento differenti rispetto al passato e che possono implicare conseguenze indesiderate. Oltre a problematiche di qualità dell’aria interna, per la progressiva introduzione di infissi ad altissima tenuta in assenza di una progettazione complessiva dell’intervento di retrofit energetico, si stanno registrando di recente, anche nel nostro paese, problematiche di degrado biologico delle superfici esterne. La forte riduzione dei flussi termici passanti, positiva per il contenimento dei consumi energetici, rende infatti più sollecitate le superfici esterne soprattutto in contesti con inverni freddi e/o caratterizzati da UR% elevate, come rilevato già da alcuni anni in altri paesi europei..
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/223116

Uncertainty effects of input data on cost optimal nZEB performance analysis
Zero Energy Mass Custom Home ZEMCH 2015 International Conference Proceedings
Autore/i: Salavatian, Seyedehmamak; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: ZEMCH Network Publisher e Ordine degli Architetti Pianificatori Paesaggistici della Provincia di Bari
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: According to EPBD recast 2010, all European member states have to set their national minimum energy performance requirements with a view to achieve cost-optimal levels following the delegated regulation No 244/2012 and normative EN 15459:2008. Although economic input data utilized for calculating future costs are based on statistical predictions and not defi nite, most of studies in this regard are based on a deterministic system that do not consider any randomness of parameters in global cost calculations. This paper aims to utilize EU suggested methodology on a representative apartment building in Italian context in order to evaluate eff ects of uncertainties in assumed economical input data on calculation results. In this study, twenty two wall envelope technologies were taken as design variables for acquiring primary energy needs and performing LCC calculations. By analyzing time series of main fi nancial rates during recent years, their magnitude as well as marginal percentages were introduced and applied to the parameters by means of a of Monte Carlo based method; Then, amount of uncertainties for obtained results were quantifi ed by means of statistical indicators and variation of possible output around base case values were fi gured out. Moreover, infl uence of individual input as well as combination scenarios were studied in a sensitivity analysis. Among studied parameters, Rp (Product price development rate) was identifi ed as the most dominant stochastic parameter.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244884

Assessment of the effectiveness of cool and green roofs for the mitigation of the Heat Island effect and for the improvement of thermal comfort in Nearly Zero Energy Building
ARCHITECTURAL SCIENCE REVIEW
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The effectiveness of cool and green roofs to improve thermal comfort could be strongly dependent on the U-value of the roof itself and on the way it has been constructed (ventilated or unventilated, lightweight or massive, etc.). Recent strict limits on the U-values of building envelopes run the risk of reducing the effectiveness of cooling strategies in roofs which could be employed in warm and temperate climates to reduce surface temperatures and consequently to cool internal environment. In this paper, we experimentally analyse some roof systems (a high-albedo membrane and a green roof) compared to traditional ones in a Nearly Zero Energy Building, in order to provide new information concerning their effect on the internal comfort and the air temperatures of the surrounding environment. Experimental results confirm that, while the effectiveness of green and cool roofs for the mitigation of the Urban Heat Island effect is well established, the use of high-albedo materials on roofing systems with very low U-value is of little effectiveness for internal comfort. The green roof is distinguished by its passive cooling ability due to the evapotranspiration phenomena of the vegetation and the storage capacity of the substrate.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/228806

Thermal and Filtration Performance Assessment of a Dynamic Insulation System
ENERGY PROCEDIA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/234182

Biofouling Prevention of Ancient Brick Surfaces by TiO2-Based Nano-Coatings
COATINGS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Graziani, Lorenzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Brick constitutes a significant part of the construction materials used in historic buildings around the world. This material was used in Architectural Heritage for structural scope, and even for building envelopes. Thus, components made of clay brick were subjected to weathering for a long time, and this causes their deterioration. One of the most important causes for deterioration is biodeterioration caused by algae and cyanobacteria. It compromises the aesthetical properties, and, at a later stage, the integrity of the elements. In fact, traditional products used for the remediation/prevention of biofouling do not ensure long-term protection, and they need re-application over time. The use of nanotechnology, especially the use of photocatalytic products for the prevention of organic contamination of building façades is increasing. In this study, TiO2-based photocatalytic nano-coatings were applied to ancient brick, and its efficiency towards biofouling was studied. A composed suspension of algae and cyanobacteria was sprinkled on the bricks’ surface for a duration of twelve weeks. Digital Image Analysis and colorimetric measurements were carried out to evaluate algal growth on specimens’ surfaces. Results show that photocatalytic nano-coating was able to inhibit biofouling on bricks’ surfaces. In addition, substrata (their porosity and roughness) clearly influences the adhesion of algal cells.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/228805

Earthquake pedestrians’ evacuation in historical urban scenarios: a combined simulation model including human behaviors and post-earthquake modifications
Rehab 2015 – Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Preservation, Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings and Structures
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Editore: Green Lines Institute for Sustainable Development
Luogo di pubblicazione: Barcelos
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/237911

Aumentare la sicurezza delle persone in edifici storici: verifica sperimentale di un innovativo sistema di wayfinding all’interno di un teatro
L’EVOLUZIONE DEL SAPERE IN ARCHITETTURA TECNICA
Autore/i: Bernardini, G.; D’Orazio, M.; Quagliarini, E.
Editore: Maggioli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/255518

Earthquake Emergencies Management by Means of Semantic-Based Internet of Things
Internet of Things. IoT Infrastructures
Autore/i: Taccari, Gilberto; Bernardini, Gabriele; Spalazzi, Luca; D'Orazio, Marco; Smari, Waleed
Editore: Springer International Publishing
Luogo di pubblicazione: Munich
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Semantic technologies can play a key role in representing, storing, interconnecting, searching, and organizing information generated/consumed by things. In order to evaluate its feasibility, this paper presents a set of reasoning mechanisms based on an IoT ontology to be applied in an emergency management scenario. The scenario presented in this paper consists in the earthquake emergency management.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/228808

Towards 2020
TEMA
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/277421

Innovative evaporative cooling walls
Eco-efficient Materials for Mitigating Building Cooling Needs
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Woodhead Elsevier
Luogo di pubblicazione: Amsterdam
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: In this chapter we will present the basics of evaporative cooling walls. Water evaporative cooling systems exploit the latent heat of evaporation of water to reduce sensible heat of air, and therefore its temperature. Based on this principle, both direct and indirect approaches can be developed. Their adoptionmay dramatically decrease (and sometimes even cancel) cooling loads in warm and hot seasons. So these walls are the best candidates for adoption inmild climates with relatively long summer seasons,where the use of highly insulatedwalls to limit heating loads may cause internal overheating in hot periods and make the indoors quite uncomfortable and unhealthy. Not only can this technology considerably decrease incoming cooling loads, which is beneficial during warm and hot seasons, but it also keeps high insulation standards against heat dispersion in winter. More specifically, evaporative cooling walls represent an example of a hybrid solution deriving from the combination of ventilated fac¸ades and water evaporative cavity walls. In this chapter we will look into this technology, starting with an overview of the state of the art, then going through the basics of evaporative cooling systems and, finally, focusing on the issue of evaporative cooling walls. In particular, Section 8.4 will be devoted to highlighting some important concepts that are useful for their design, and will describe the experience gained by the authors while working in this field. Likely future trends, suggested sources of information, and conclusions will end the chapter.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/227693

The properties and durability of adobe earth-based masonry blocks
Eco-efficient Masonry Bricks and Blocks: Design, Properties and Durability
Autore/i: Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco; Lenci, Stefano
Editore: Elsevier Inc.
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Earth is an economical, environmentally friendly and abundantly available building material and is probably one of the oldest building materials known. Nowadays, earth constructions are an area of growing interest, both for rescuing heritage and for a rediscovered eco-sustainability material. However, because earth constructions are a forgotten technique, a lack of skilled people at all levels in this area can be found, from designers to masons, as well as problems of how to carry out compatible conservation works on earthen heritage. This chapter tries to fill this gap for a peculiar earthen construction technique, namely adobe, in which raw earth is mixed and moulded to form blocks to make a bearing wall. The following sections, after a brief historical digression, will deal with how manufacturing adobe earth-based masonry blocks, their typical dimensions, which soil is suitable and which stabilization materials are currently used for enhancing their properties. Then, the principal mechanical and hygro-thermal properties of adobe blocks, how to determine them and which parameters influence them will be provided, as well as methods of testing adobe blocks for durability and practical advice on how to maintaining or improving it will be supplied. Finally, environmental and economic benefits potentially associated with the use of adobe earth-based masonry blocks, including new ways to reuse bulk industrial waste as stabilizers, will be addressed.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/234121

Evacuation Aid for Elderly in Care Homes and Hospitals: An Interactive System for Reducing Pre-movement Time in Case of Fire
Ambient Assisted Living - Italian Forum 2014
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; Longhi, Sauro; Olivetti, Paolo
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/237315

Design and experimental evaluation of an interactive system for pre-movement time reduction in case of fire
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Longhi, Sauro; Bernardini, Gabriele; Paolo, Olivetti
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Abstract After hearing a fire alarm, people continue to carry out activities not directly connected to the evacuation procedure: this pre-movement phase could be very long, especially when people are involved in carrying out their working activities and in using their electronic devices. Starting from this problem regarding safety, our study proposes a system for reducing pre-movement time that is based on an interaction with the people being evacuated. The system, composed of individual wearable devices, is organized in two modules: the first is the Zig-Bee-based localization module which identifies people's positions after the alarm and understands whether they are evacuating; the second is an interactive module which gives a personal stimulus to latecomers. This system was tested for university building evacuation. A case study has been analyzed, which also compared experimental results to those of simulation software. The simulator was able to reasonably reproduce the real phenomenon. The effectiveness of the system was investigated through simulations by considering different individual responses. Our results demonstrate that up to 30% reduction in total evacuation time can be obtained.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/226852

An experimental study on the correlation between ‘attachment to belongings’ and ‘pre-movement’ time”
Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2012
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele
Editore: Springer Verlag Germany:Tiergartenstrasse 17, D 69121 Heidelberg Germany:011 49 6221 3450, EMAIL: g.braun@springer.de, INTERNET: http://www.springer.de, Fax: 011 49 6221 345229
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147706

Relationship between fracture toughness and porosity of clay brick panels used in ventilated façades: Initial investigation
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Lenci, Stefano; Graziani, Lorenzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147708

Manti permeabili per tetti traspiranti
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: That the ventilation in the roof effectively fulfils the cooling function of a building is a well-established concept. However the common opinion associates the working of a ventilated roof only related to the “chimney effect”, neglecting the fact that in discontinuous coverings (such as clay tiles coverings), most of the heat is dispersed by ventilation through the joints of the tiles, with beneficial effects. This paper reports the results of several experimental activities in this regard. We monitored the summer thermal performance of full-scale roofs, built according to the current requirements of thermal transmittance, with different types of coverings (clay tiles, copper) and height of air gap (3 cm and 6 cm). Results show that clay tiles roofs are more effective than copper roofs in cooling the internal environment, and that in roofs with low thermal transmittance, it is of little convenience to invest in elevated air gaps. A tracking smoke test of the air movement into the roofs showed that most of the air entering into the gaps of clay tiles roofs then escapes through the joints of the tiles. Laboratory tests allowed to quantify this airflow and to correlate it to the amount of heat removed by ventilation in a clay tile roof
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/176109

Livelli ottimali di costo per involucri ad alta efficienza energetica
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In the last decade, the increasing demand for energy efficient buildings has led the stakeholders to look for technological solutions at the highest level, often with high investment costs. The EPBD recast 2010/31/EU on energy efficiency in buildings for the first time emphasizes the need to make design choices taking into account the cost-benefit assessment during the estimated life cycle of buildings. In this perspective, the “optimal” energy efficiency solution is not the one that achieves the best energy performance ever, because this may involve a higher initial investment cost, non-depreciable during the life cycle of the building. The “optimal” solution is rather the point of balance between investment and depreciation, estimated considering all the cost elements that come into play during the life cycle of the building. The Directive then addresses the stakeholders to choose “balanced” technologies, not necessarily the most efficient. However, the application of the calculation method is quite elaborate and requires a precise definition of all the variables involved: the cost of each building component that influences the energy performance; financial parameters; times of maintenance and replacement of components, time of service life of the building, etc. Consequently, there is a possible risk that the uncertainty in the evaluation of these parameters is so influential to make difficult to identify the “optimal” energy efficiency solution in terms of cost-benefit analysis. The present paper shows the first results of a research on the evaluation of the influence of the uncertainty of the input variables on the results of a cost-benefit evaluation of design choices related to the building envelope. The evaluation was performed on 25 alternatives wall solutions, showing primarily as not necessarily the ones with the lower thermal transmittance are the most convenient, considering the entire life cycle of the building. Indeed, these are characterized by higher costs during construction (investment costs) that are not offset by a reduction in operating costs (energy consumptions). Then applied the Monte Carlo statistical method, by assigning to the variables involved oscillating values within predefined intervals, we obtained that, when considering the possible variability of these quantities, it becomes very difficult for any designer to assess unambiguously the optimal solution in terms of cost-benefit analysis.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/223117

The influence of clay brick substratum on the inhibitory efficiency of TiO2 nanocoating against biofouling
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Graziani, Lorenzo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Clementi, Francesca; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The goal of this study was to explain the influence of the total porosity and the surface roughness on the susceptibility of clay bricks to biodegradation by phototrophic microorganisms. In addition, this correlation was studied on both specimens treated with TiO2 nanocoating and untreated control specimens. The effect of UV intensity on the photocatalytic power of TiO2 was also investigated. An accelerated fouling test was performed by sprinkling a suspension of Chlorella mirabilis and Chroococcidiopsis fissurarum on sample surfaces. These two test strains were chosen because their representativeness on building clay brick façades subjected to biofouling. The gradual superficial accumulation of algal biomass on treated and control specimens was evaluated by means of image analysis and colour measurement. Two specimens' parameters, namely porosity and roughness, were examined. Results showed that both the specimen microstructure and roughness of the surface play a key role in the colonization of clay bricks because they were able to provide more nutrient to the algal cells anchored to the surface. The TiO2 nanocoating was able to inhibit the biofouling of clay bricks irradiated with UV-A light, except in the case of high porous rough specimens
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/228781

Facciate in laterizio faccia a vista contro il bio-degrado: risultati analitici
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; G., Cursio
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/223118

A tool for earthquake risk assessment definition including human behavioral aspects: EPES - Earthquake Pedestrians Evacuation Simulator
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Protection of Historical Constructions
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele; Spalazzi, Luca
Editore: Boğaziçi University Publishing
Luogo di pubblicazione: Istanbul
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The earthquake risk assessment at urban scale does not consider human behaviors during both earthquake and evacuation phases. However, understanding interactions between people and post-event environment becomes essential in determining how behaviors influence inhabitants’ safety levels. This study follows this approach and proposes an agent-based earthquake pedestrians evacuation simulator. Real events analysis allows to define phases and rules in pedestrians evacuation; the social force model and a multi-agent architecture are used in order to develop a simulator. Consequently, the software EPES (Earthquake Pedestrians Evacuation Simulator) is implemented. Results firstly show the noticed behaviors discussion, posing attention on evacuation paths choice; interactions between man and environment are defined. Additionally, first software simulation validation about motion speed in evacuations and path choice are offered. EPES is proposed for evaluating probable pedestrians’ choices in different scenarios, and checking solutions for reduction of interferences between the environment and the evacuation process.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/217315

Durability of self-cleaning TiO2 coatings on fired clay brick façades: Effects of UV exposure and wet & dry cycles
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Graziani, Lorenzo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bondioli, Federica; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Environmental pollution is constantly increasing and it causes aesthetical concerns to urban buildings exposed to the atmosphere. Nanometric titanium dioxide (TiO2) has become a promising photocatalytic material owing to its ability to accelerate degradation of many organic contaminants. Application of TiO2 is rising and it found application on building industry. However, photocatalytic properties of this nanotechnology strongly depend on substrate morphology and on its nature. Thus, it is not correct to extrapolate photocatalytic activity on different types of substrate. Moreover, very few information is available about effectiveness of TiO2 coatings after aging phenomena when applied on different substrate. This paper aims to investigate photocatalytic properties of TiO2 applied on clay brick surfaces both after deposition and after aging process. TiO2 characterization was carried out by assessing nano-film morphology, wettability and self-cleaning efficiency before durability test. Self-cleaning ability was also evaluated during aging test in order to evaluate its variation in long term applications. Results show that photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 remain stable after aging, thus TiO2 shows a good photocatalytic efficiency when it is applied to clay brick substrate. In the long run, photocatalytic efficiency of clay brick specimens treated with TiO2 is seven times higher than untreated specimens.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/232095

An Experimental Study on the Correlation Between “Attachment to Belongings” “Pre-movement” Time
Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2012
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer International Publish
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236895

Agent-based model for earthquake pedestrians’ evacuation in urban outdoor scenarios: Behavioural patterns definition and evacuation paths choice
SAFETY SCIENCE
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Spalazzi, Luca; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The assessment of seismic risk at urban scale does not actually consider aspects related to human behaviours, unlike other kind of events; moreover, the simulation of phases of pedestrian evacuation and motion in earthquake evacuation is a rarely inquired issue. From this point of view, this work proposes an innovative approach to earthquake evacuation, presenting an agent based model to describe phases and rules of motion for pedestrians. The model is based on the analysis of videotapes concerning real events. Results firstly show a scheme of chronological organisation of experimentally noticed behaviours activated during an earthquake evacuation. Secondly, the related behavioural agent-based model is presented by using the i* language and posing attention to relationships between pedestrians and environment. A particular attention is given to the relationships in evacuation paths choice depending on configuration of environment and damage distribution after earthquake. Additionally, experimental values of distance between people and evacuation average speed in the first phases of outdoor motion are provided. The mathematical definitions for the model and the software implementation of the model will be implemented.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147704

EPES– Earthquake pedestrians׳ evacuation simulator: A tool for predicting earthquake pedestrians׳ evacuation in urban outdoor scenarios
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele; Spalazzi, Luca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Earthquake risk assessment at urban scale does not actually consider human behaviours during both the event and the first evacuation phases. Nevertheless, understanding and simulating these aspects become essential in determining how human behaviours influence inhabitants' safety levels, defining combined “risk maps” and evaluating community resilience features. This work proposes an innovative approach by offering a simulator for pedestrians' earthquake evacuation in urban scenarios. Firstly, our previous behavioural investigations of real earthquake evacuation from all over the World allow organizing rules in pedestrians' evacuation and man–environment interactions in the post-event scenario: an agent-based (ABM) approach is provided for their representation by using the in language. Secondly, operative criteria for pedestrian motion are provided: in particular, motion law for pedestrians is defined by modifying the Social Force model approach with the behavioural results of our case study. Rules for environmental modifications due to the earthquake are proposed. Finally, the software EPES (Earthquake Pedestrians' Evacuation Simulator) is implemented on these bases and validated using a case study (an Italian historical centre). Results firstly summarize the behavioural analysis discussion and the ABM definition. First validations about ruins formations, behavioural aspects, motion speed in evacuations and path choice are offered. EPES is proposed as a tool for evaluating probable pedestrians' choices in different scenarios, and checking solutions for reducing interferences between the human evacuation process and the built environment. Operative strategies for interferences reduction could be founded on model previsions, such as interventions on particular buildings, evacuation strategies definition and urban planning. &
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/217314

Multi-Agent Simulation Model for Evacuation of Care Homes and Hospitals for Elderly and People with Disabilities in Motion
Ambient Assisted Living - Italian Forum 2013
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Spalazzi, Luca; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele
Editore: Springer International Publishing
Luogo di pubblicazione: Cham
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The progressive population aging provokes an increase of importance in safety aspects for the elderly and the people with disabilities that are housed in care homes and hospitals. Current regulations denote an inadequate approach to safety problems connected to possible evacuation due to events like earthquakes, floods, fires. The law approach implicates that patients are directly carried out by health workers assistants in evacuation. However, many patients can autonomously evacuate, helped by specific facilities for way finding and not assisted by the medical staff. Our research is intended to design “guidance” system for these categories, and to inquiry how these facilities interact with people and influence their motion. The understanding and the simulation of behaviors of this category become essential in order to reach these goal.. This work proposes a multi-agent model for evacuation simulation, based on the Social Force motion approach and on experimental data. This paper focuses on joining group behaviors for autonomous elderly. The validation concerns various quantities describing group motion phenomena. The model will be integrated including aspects connected with eventual disabilities in motion for patients.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/217316

An Agent-based Model for Earthquake Pedestrians’ Evacuation Simulation in Urban Scenarios
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PROCEDIA
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico; Spalazzi, Luca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The earthquake risk assessment approach actually ignores human behaviors during earthquake. Nevertheless, simulating pedestrians’ motion could be useful to introduce “human” interactions with post-earthquake scenarios. This work proposes an agent-based model for evacuation simulation based on the analysis of videotapes concerning real events. Modifications to the social force model are provided in order to describe typical behaviors. A simulation software is developed for model validation. Tests mainly involve speeds and distances between individuals. The model could be integrated in tools for the analysis of probable pedestrians’ choices in different scenarios, and checking solutions for reducing man-environment interferences during the evacuation process.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/217313

Experimental operating cell temperature assessment of BIPV with different installation configurations on roofs under Mediterranean climate
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The presence of an air gap between a photovoltaic (PV) module and roof facilitates ventilation cooling under the device and consequently reduces cell temperature and improves its performance. In case of rack-mounted PV installation, the Nominal Operating Cell Temperature (NOCT) method could be effectively used to predict the temperature of the module for various environmental conditions. Many countries, for esthetic purposes, offer economic advantages (tax deductions, incentives, etc ... ) for the installation of building integrated photovoltaic modules (BIPV), with water-tightness capability and adequate mechanical resistance in order to substitute tile covering or part of it. Nevertheless, poor or absent ventilation under BIPV panels could cause them to overheat and reduce their efficiency. Lack of validated predictive tools for the evaluation of BIVP energy performance could be another barrier to their widespread application. In this study, we investigated the thermal performance of PV modules installed in a real scale experimental building over a traditional clay tile pitched roof in Italy for almost one year (from August 2009 to June 2010). One PV module was rack-mounted over the roof covering with a 0.2 m air gap; the others were fully integrated and installed at the same level of the roof covering (one with an air gap of 0.04 m, the other mounted directly in contact with the insulation). Temperature and heat flux measurements for each panel, and environmental parameters were recorded. Two temperature prediction models, NoCT model and SNL (Sandia National Laboratory) model were used to predict BIPV temperature and energy efficiency so that their suitability for BIPV could be evaluated. SNL model takes into account also the wind speed. Experimental results demonstrate that even though the rack-mounted PV module constantly maintains cell temperature below that of the other full-building integrated modules, due to the presence of a higher air gap, the difference in the energy produced by the BIPV modules estimated for the entire monitoring period is less than 4%. The two predictive models, NOCT and SNL, cause the differences in predicted and calculated temperature up to 10 degrees C. However, subsequent percentage variations on the energy predicted compared to that arising from the temperature measured generally turn out to be lower than 5%. An optimization of empirical coefficients used for calculations based on the SNL method allows for the reduction of this value below 2.5%.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/149705

Moisture Buffering “Active” Devices for Indoor Humidity Control: Preliminary Experimental Evaluations
ENERGY PROCEDIA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In recent building practice, obligations of legislation relating to Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB) (European Directives 2002/91/EC and 2010/31/EU) are carried out mainly by high thermal resistance and total air tightness of the envelope, in order to minimize heat dispersions by conduction and infiltration as much as possible. These measures cause new ways of heat and moisture exchange in the building envelope and are likely to create high internal moisture load with consequences for durability of materials and inhabitants’ comfort and health. Improvement in the thermal performance of the envelope can then lead to the paradoxical need for high energy consumption in order to handle the vapor peaks indoors by using mechanical ventilation equipments. Even if with HVAC devices it is possible to provide an acceptable indoor climate, there is still a need to develop more passive and less energy intensive methods to moderate the indoor environment in NZEB. In recent decades many authors have focused on a promising strategy related to the use of “moisture buffering” materials which dampen indoor humidity variations without additional energy costs. Nevertheless, many internal finishing materials commonly used at present are still not highly performant or lead to problems of hysteresis. In the present study, we propose an alternative solution, which is the design of a moisture buffering “active” device, to be integrated in a part of the building envelope, which is able to measure the relative humidity indoors and control its loads by a low-energy-consumption fan system. The humidity control performance of the device has been dynamically tested in a climate chamber and has been compared with traditional “passive” material samples in order to measure the Moisture Buffering Value (MBV) according to the DTU test method. Experimental results showed that “passive” samples have high moisture buffering values [MBV = 6.12 g/(m2% RH)] and do not lead to hysteresis phenomena. The MBV measured in the “active” devices increased up to 29%, which predicts promising future applications for low-energy-consumption indoor humidity control.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/218317

A field study of thermal inertia of roofs and its influence on indoor comfort
JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Many of the current European Member States regulations on energy saving in buildings seem to follow North European trends that call for high insulation of the envelope. However, this kind of set-up overlooks some specific elements that are necessary to build typical buildings in warmer climates. Thermal inertia on the internal surface of the envelope has traditionally been used in such contexts not only to contain solar gains but also to protect against cold winter because of its capacity to store and to slowly release energy. This research investigates how thermal inertia on roof slabs could positively affect the comfort indoors, also in buildings that tend towards being nearly zero-energy buildings, as suggested by last European Directive 2010/31/EU. With this aim, an experiment was conducted on a full-scale building with different roofs, on light and heavy slabs, under hot and moderate climatic conditions (Ancona, Italy). The thermal performance of roofs was monitored during summer and winter seasons. In winter, the building was also subjected to cyclical internal heat gains. The experiment demonstrated that a certain thermal inertia in the slab guarantees better indoor comfort in both summer and winter, and it can also reduce energy consumption from heating.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147703

Effects of water absorption and surface roughness on the bioreceptivity of ETICS compared to clay bricks
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Cursio, G.; Graziani, Lorenzo; Aquilanti, Lucia; Osimani, Andrea; Clementi, Francesca; Yéprémian, C; Lariccia, Vincenzo; Amoroso, Salvatore
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: External thermal insulation composite systems (ETICS) have been used in European buildings since the 70’s due to the optimal protection from thermal loss, the low cost and the ease of application. The progressive thickening of ETICS used for either thermal insulation in new buildings or energy requalification of ancient buildings has facilitated the growth of microalgae on façades, due to limitation of outgoing heat flux, and hence to condensation of atmospheric moisture on building façade external layer. This study was aimed to comparatively evaluating the growth of two selected microalgal strains on ETICS and fired clay bricks; to this end, the influence of water absorption, porosity and surface roughness of these building materials was investigated. Biodeterioration of building materials was induced through a laboratory-accelerated growth test. Results from colorimetric and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analyses clearly demonstrated that bioreceptivity of the building materials assayed is strongly affected by surface roughness and total porosity
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/163102

Measurement of R-curve in clay brick blocks using Optical Measuring Technique
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
Autore/i: Graziani, Lorenzo; Knec, M.; Sadowski, T.; D'Orazio, Marco; Lenci, Stefano
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/209315

Moisture Buffering per isolanti naturali
CASA & CLIMA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147711

Definition of a Software for Outdoor Post-Earthquake Evacuation Simulation. Group Attraction Definition Using a Social Force Model Approach
Changing needs, adaptive buildings, smart cities.
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Spalazzi, Luca; Quagliarini, Enrico; Bernardini, Gabriele
Editore: Poliscript
Luogo di pubblicazione: Milano
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147705

Bricks and “Heat Island”: cool strategies in the tradition
TILE & BRICK INTERNATIONAL
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244812

Moisture Buffering
MODULO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244727

Un indice di confort abitativo nel certificato energetico
INGENIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Fantini, L.; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147709

Il confort abitativo nel certificato energetico
ARCHITETTI
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Fantini, Lorenza; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/237000

I componenti edilizi ed il troppo risparmio energetico
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Cursio, G.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/155502

I laterizi a vista come sistema di “moisture buffering” per gli isolanti naturali
INGENIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/147710

Thermal effectiveness of green roofs on NZE buildings
The Visibility of Zero-Energy Housing
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Di Perna, Costanzo; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Editore: ZEMCH Network (Miami)
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The research deals with the experimental assessment of the thermal performance of a green roof compared to other passive cooling technologies (roofs with ventilated cavities or with a reflective covering), under temperate climate in Italy. All roofs are installed on a highly insulated building, in order to understand whether their performance is inhibited by the low thermal transmittance necessary to meet the building energy saving regulations in Europe. Green roofs are also recognized as a fundamental strategy that dense urban areas can deploy to mitigate the Urban Heat Island effect, thanks to their high albedo. Roofs albedo and thermal transmittance were experimentally evaluated. The measurement results show that the passive cooling property of a green roof is not only due to its albedo, but also to combined effects of soil insulation, evapotranspiration and radiative shading of the plant canopy. In summer, a reduction of the surface temperatures has been recorded on the upper part of the soil substrate where temperatures turn out to be lower than those of the external air, and also on the roof soffit because of the thermal inertia of the soil substrate. In winter, the soil substrate of the green roof acts as a natural insulating material, providing further thermal resistance to the roof.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/226851

Is Italian energy certification really representative of the indoor comfort ?
TILE & BRICK INTERNATIONAL
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Fantini, Lorenza
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/102466

I laterizi come sistema di "moisture buffering"
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: La ricerca condotta ha permesso di valutare l’utilizzabilità di alcune tipologie di isolanti in costruzioni basate sull’impiego del laterizio, evidenziando il ruolo che può giocare quest’ultimo (con la sua massa) nel mantenere bassi i contenuti d’acqua all’interno degli stessi isolanti, aumentandone l’efficienza. Si evidenzia, quindi, come le soluzioni massive con il laterizio «faccia a vista» sono capaci di ridurre i contenuti d’acqua in esercizio a carico di isolanti fibrosi di tipo naturale. Come noto, molti isolanti fibrosi sono fortemente igroscopici, aspetto che determina significative differenze tra prestazioni termiche «a secco» e in esercizio
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/102467

Experimental measurements and numerical model for the summer performance assessment of extensive green roofs in a Mediterranean coastal climate
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: F., Olivieri; DI PERNA, Costanzo; D'Orazio, Marco; L., Olivieri; J., Neila
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/148102

Performance Assessment of Different Roof Integrated Photovoltaic Modules under Mediterranean Climate
ENERGY PROCEDIA
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Many countries, for aesthetic purposes, offer economic advantages (tax deductions, incentives, etc..) for the installation of building integrated photovoltaic modules (BIPV), with water-tightness capability and adequate mechanical resistance in order to substitute tile covering or part of it. Nevertheless, poor or absent ventilation under BIPV panels could cause them to overheat and reduce their efficiency. It is well established that the presence of an air gap between a photovoltaic (PV) module and roof covering facilitates ventilation cooling under the device and consequently reduces cell temperature and improves its performance. In this study, we investigated the thermal performance of PV modules installed in a real scale experimental building over a traditional clay tile pitched roof in Italy for almost one year (from August 2009 to June 2010). One PV module was rack-mounted over the roof covering with a 0.2 m air gap; the others were fully integrated and installed at the same level of the roof covering (one with an air gap of 0.04 m, the other mounted directly in contact with the insulation). Temperature and heat flux measurements for each panel, and environmental parameters were recorded. Experimental results demonstrate that even though the rack-mounted PV module constantly maintains cell temperature below that of the other full-building integrated modules, due to the presence of a higher air gap, the difference in the energy produced by the PV modules estimated for the entire monitoring period is less than 4%.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/139682

Thermal performance of an insulated roof with reflective insulation: Field tests under hot climatic conditions
JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Morodo, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The use of reflective insulation materials in buildings, for energy saving in summer, has been spreading in southern Europe. These products are not typical of the local building context. There is a lack of well-established measurement systems for reflective insulation thermal transmittance. The aim of this article is to understand whether a reflective insulation material could be effective in hot and temperate climate, also compared with other roof solutions. For this purpose, we compared the thermal performance of a roof with and without reflective insulation, both installed in a full-scale experimental building near Ancona (Italy) in the summer period. The results showed that the reflective insulation benefits are quite limited when using the insulation level imposed by actual laws, which consider insulation as the main strategy for energy saving in temperate and hot climates.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74146

Evaluation of inhibitory effect of TiO2 nanocoatings against microalgal growth on clay brick façades under weak UV exposure conditions
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Lorenzo, Graziani; Quagliarini, Enrico; Osimani, Andrea; Aquilanti, Lucia; Clementi, Francesca; Claude, Yéprémian; Lariccia, Vincenzo; Amoroso, Salvatore; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Microalgal growth largely affects the aesthetical properties of building façades worldwide. It causes biodeterioration of building materials and, in a later stage, it can compromise integrity of the elements and their durability. Recently, the use of nanotechnology to prevent the growth of microalgae is rising. One of the most widespread and promising material is titanium dioxide (TiO2). Photocatalytic properties of TiO2 inhibit biofouling of microalgae when this coating is stimulated by UV radiation coming from the sun or from artificial light. In this study, the biocide effect of TiO2 coatings applied on clay brick specimens under weak UV radiation was assessed. Results revealed that TiO2 nanocoating was not able to fully prevent microalgal biofouling, but under optimal UV exposure conditions for the growth of microalgae it efficaciously prevented the adhesion of these microorganisms on the treated substrates through the formation of a superficial water film. This property resulted in a good self-cleaning efficiency of TiO2.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/126665

Energia dal tetto con i sistemi solari: valutazione sperimentale delle prestazioni
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Il sole è quella, tra le principali fonti di energia rinnovabile, a cui oggi si guarda con attenzione. Gli impianti solari termici e fotovoltaici, che permettono di realizzare sistemi di produzione energetica diffusi, presentano un’efficienza che può variare fortemente in relazione alle modalità con cui si integrano in copertura e con la tipologia del manto. Una ricerca sperimentale su pannelli fotovoltaici differentemente integrati in copertura mostra come la ventilazione sottomanto nelle soluzioni in laterizio sia un mezzo efficace per ridurre il surriscaldamento degli elementi, che può verificarsi in sistemi totalmente integrati, evitando parallelamente errori di installazione oramai divenuti «classici»
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244802

Requirements for roofer qualification
U & C. UNIFICAZIONE E CERTIFICAZIONE
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/88072

Relationship between fracture toughness and porosity of brick blocks
C+CA
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Lenci, Stefano; L., Graziani
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/71501

Green Roofs as passive cooling strategies under Temperate Climates
ZEMCH 2012 International Conference Proceedings
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: ZEMCH Network
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The research aims to the comprehension of the energy performance of a green roof, also compared to other passive cooling strategies, when realized on slabs with very low thermal transmittance, as imposed by recent laws on the energy performance of buildings also in Temperate Climates. Although many studies in literature highlight the potential of green roofs on the improvement of internal conditions (reduction of incoming heat fluxes, thermal wave phase shift), knowledge regarding the use of these technologies in highly insulated structures is quite limited. All EU countries in particular, following the issuing of two important Directives (“Save” and “Nearly Zero Energy Buildings”), are enacting decrees which have placed regulatory requirements and strict limits to the thermal transmittance of building components. If the “overinsulation” strategy in Temperate Climates (i.e. Italy, Greece, Spain), is useful for the winter energy savings, it risks to limits the effectiveness of alternative passive cooling strategies, as the use of green roofs. We carried out a thermal monitoring of seven low U-value roof systems, differentiated by the type of covering, the type of slab, the presence of a ventilated cavity, the presence of a vegetated substrate. Experimental results show that the green roof and the other passive cooling technologies benefits, as the reduction of the incoming heat flux and internal surface temperatures, are quite limited by the roofs high insulation imposed by actual laws, which consider the overinsulation as the whole strategy for energy saving even in Temperate Climates.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/86375

Laterizi ed "isola di calore": strategie cool nella tradizione
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Recentemente si è diffuso l’interesse a sperimentare strategie volte alla mitigazione del fenomeno dell’ «isola di calore» che si genera negli estesi ambienti urbani a causa del surriscaldamento delle superfici degli edifici e delle strade. Materiali con modeste caratteristiche di riflettanza rischiano di accentuare il fenomeno. I laterizi per coperture (tegole e coppi), dalle equilibrate proprietà radiative e grazie alla ventilazione sottomanto, sono invece in grado di garantire minori temperature superficiali, riducendo gli apporti di calore all’aria esterna
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/86151

Valutazione della durabilità di materiali per manti di copertura
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Tosi, Giorgio; Persico, I; Mosca, S.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: I prodotti e i sistemi destinati alla realizzazione delle coperture, oggigiorno, mutano sempre più velocemente, perdendo quindi l’efficace collaudo del tempo. Allo scopo di verificarne la durabilità, anche dai punti di vista «ambientale» ed «estetico», sono stati sottopost a stress ciclico (invecchiamento accelerato) alcuni dei materiali più diffusi costituenti il manto di copertura
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74131

Un indice di comfort abitativo nel certificato energetico
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Fantini, L.; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Lo studio evidenzia come le norme Uni Ts 11300, adottate per la certificazione energetica degli edifici, possano in alcuni casi non cogliere pienamente alcune peculiarità del comportamento termo-fisico dell’edificio e in particolare alcuni aspetti inerziali dello stesso. Questi metodi possono tuttavia essere facilmente integrati da una semplice valutazione delle temperature operative interne in fase estiva, che permette di cogliere il reale comportamento della struttura in termini di comfort
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/72351

Thermal performance of reflective insulation in mediterranean climate
Sustainable Mediterranean Construction. Sustainable Environment in the Mediterranean Region: from Housing to Urban and Land Scale Construction
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Editore: Franco Angeli
Luogo di pubblicazione: Milano
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/86376

Materials prone to mould growth
Toxicity of building materials
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: LONDON N2, ENGLAND, ADCOTEC LTD, 246 CREIGHTON AVE, EAST Woodhead Publishing:Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge CB1 6AH United Kingdom:011 44 1223 891358, Fax: 011 44 1223 893694
Luogo di pubblicazione: Cambridge
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The book: - provides an essential guide to the potential toxic effects of building materials on health - comprehensively examines materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds - later chapters focus on issues surrounding the use of radioactive materials and materials that release toxic fumes during burning - considers the toxicity of nanoparticles and the potential hazards posed by waste-based/recycled building materials From long-standing worries regarding the use of lead and asbestos to recent research into carcinogenic issues related to the use of plastics in construction, there is growing concern regarding the potential toxic effects of building materials on health. Toxicity of building materials provides an essential guide to this important problem and its solution. Beginning with an overview of the material types and potential health hazards presented by building materials, the book goes on to consider key plastic materials. Materials responsible for formaldehyde and volatile organic compound emissions, as well as semi-volatile organic compounds, are then explored in depth, before a review of wood preservatives and mineral fibre-based building materials. Issues related to the use of radioactive materials and materials that release toxic fumes during burning are the focus of subsequent chapters, followed by discussion of the range of heavy metals, materials prone to mould growth, and antimicrobials. Finally, Toxicity of building materials concludes by considering the potential hazards posed by waste based/recycled building materials, and the toxicity of nanoparticles.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/65909

Green roof yearly performance: A case study in a highly insulated building under temperate climate
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The research deals with the experimental assessment of the yearly thermal performance of a green roof compared to other passive cooling technologies under temperate climate. All roofs are installed on highly insulated slabs (U-value < 0.25 W/m2 K), in order to understand whether in summer the passive cooling effects are inhibited by the low thermal transmittance recently introduced in many southern Europe countries to meet the demands of the energy saving regulations for the winter heating season. Even though many studies have focused on the performance of green roofs, there is little knowledge regarding their potential in highly insulated roofs. Most of the studies derived from analytical simulations, but the thermal behaviour of a green roof is a complex phenomenon and involves combined heat and mass transfer exchanges difficult to assess with analytical models, while more experimental data are necessary. Optical properties of the roofs covering materials were experimentally measured, and the thermal transmittance of the roofs was experimentally evaluated. Field measurements show how in winter the green roof is able to guarantee further insulation even in saturation conditions. In summer, the green roof mitigates incoming heat fluxes and ceiling temperatures. Its performance is however partially hindered by high insulation.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81635

Application of the “moisture buffering” approach to improve the durability of historical wooden elements
XII DBMC: Durability of Building Materials and Components
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Editore: FEUP edicoes
Luogo di pubblicazione: Porto
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/62793

Prestazione energetica di coperture verdi su strutture fortemente isolate
IL PROGETTO SOSTENIBILE
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.; Di Perna, C.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: La capacità di raffrescamento passivo delle coperture verdi può essere inibita dall’elevato isolamento richiesto dal legislatore che esige un contenimento dei consumi invernali anche in paesi dal clima più temperato.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/72233

The thermal mass on roof slabs as a thermoregulation strategy for indoor thermal comfort and low energy consumption
Proceedings of the 2011 Helsinki World Sustainable Building Conference, SB11
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: Finnish Association of Civil Engineers
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/63977

Manti di copertura in laterizio
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Recanatini, E.
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: Manuale Andil sezione coperture
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74126

Caratterizzazione meccanica e ottimizzazione geometrica di lastre in laterizio ad ancoraggio meccanico
C+CA
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Lenci, Stefano; Simonelli, M.; Porfiri, E.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/62773

The Physics of Vented Roofs in Hot and Temperate climates: Analysis of Different Strategies for the Reduction of Energy Consumption and the Improvement of Environmental Comfort
Energy and Buildings: Efficiency, Air Quality and Conservation
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Stazi, Alessandro; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: Nova Science Publishers Inc.
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/25827

Influence of the internal inertia of the building envelope on summertime comfort in buildings with high internal heat loads
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: DI PERNA, Costanzo; Stazi, Francesca; Ursini Casalena, Andrea; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of thermal mass placed on the inner side of the building envelope, described as the dynamic internal areal heat capacity (International Standard ISO 13786), on the summertime thermal comfort in buildings characterised by high internal heat loads. To that aim, simultaneous monitoring was carried out on rooms with high internal heat loads (school classrooms), varying the internal inertia of the envelope through the introduction of an insulating panel on the interior side. Analytical assessment was performed in order to include different inertia values and combinations of both external and internal heat loads. The study allowed the threshold values of internal areal heat capacity to be determined with respect to the different periodic transmittance values of the walls, assessed according to the adaptive thermal comfort model described in Standard EN15251. These values could be adopted in energy saving regulations which, being based on semi-stationary calculation models, tend to consider the performance of building envelopes as analogous even if there is different thermal inertia
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/51087

MOISTURE BUFFERING CAPACITY OF TRADITIONAL PLASTERS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA
REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Cerolini, S; DE CHIRICO, A.
Editore: ALINEA EDITRICE srl
Luogo di pubblicazione: Firenze
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/42471

Quale spazio per l'innovazione sul fotovoltaico nelle coperture
L'INDUSTRIA DEI LATERIZI
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: L’innovazione sul fotovoltaico in copertura, ed in particolare sui tetti con manto in “cotto”, si è con-centrata in questi ultimi tempi sulla “integrazione architettonica”, dando luogo a differenti prodotti e tecnologie. Nel seguito, viene presentato un qua-dro delle ricerche oggi condotte su tali temi e dei possibili spazi per l’innovazione sulle coperture in laterizio
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30442

Light vaults with frescoes or stuccoes strengthened by gfrp, the role of the reinforcement on intrados strains: first experimental data
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
Autore/i: Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In many historical buildings built between the 16th and 19th centuries, light vaults are present made by wooden structures and mats of reeds and plaster carrying frescoes or stuccoes of architectural and historical value on the lower surface. Some of these structures today are in a precarious state of conservation, and a wide program of rehabilitation has started, especially with the use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bandages on the upper surface. This article experimentally evaluates the effect that GFRP extrados bandages may have on the mechanical behavior of this system. In particular, the main issue is to evaluate how GFRP extrados reinforcement affects the intrados surface strains of the fresco or stucco plaster. Results show that GFRP reinforcement changes the mechanical behavior of the original system. In particular, under a particular load condition, intrados plaster surface — and thus frescoes or stuccoes — may deform more in the reinforced case than in the original case. Thus, looking forward to have more experimental results, GFRP strengthening should be carefully applied to this historic system to avoid frescoes and stuccoes on the intrados surface that could more easily crack for loads that were carried with no fissures before GFRP strengthening.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/51927

Moisture buffering materials per la conservazione di strutture storiche di legno. Il potenziale uso di bentoniti trattate
RECUPERO E CONSERVAZIONE
Autore/i: Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: De Lettera Editore SAS:via Tadino 25, I 20124 Milan Italy:011 39 02 29528788, Fax: 011 39 02 29517404
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/53916

L'affidabilità estetica dei manti di copertura
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Persico, I; Tosi, G.
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30441

L'affidabilità estetica dei manti di copertura
L'INDUSTRIA DEI LATERIZI
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Persico, Ilaria; Pepe, Katia
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236905

Strengthening light vaults with frescoes or stuccoes by FRP: is it a compatible intervention?
Proceedings of the 4th International Congress on "Science and Technology for the Safeguard of Cultural Heritage in the Mediterranean Basin"
Autore/i: Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/57546

The effects of roof covering on the thermal performance of highly insulated roofs in Mediterranean climates
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, M.; Di Perna, C.; Di Giuseppe, E.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: While the EU Directive 2002/91/CE on the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPBD) clearly establishes regulations for the thermal insulation of buildings for saving energy in winter, the summer strategy is described by a little more than qualitative provisions. As a consequence, in the national requirements, the high insulation of the building envelope is considered as the principal strategy to control energy consumption even in summer, regardless of the different climates. This approach leads to a homologation of the building trade, and imposes construction technology and materials which do not adhere to the traditional way of making buildings, like in Southern Europe. Here, the “over insulation” of buildings runs the risk of reducing the effectiveness of traditional passive cooling strategies (thermal mass, air permeability of the roof covering, roof ventilation) and could have adverse effects on internal comfort. In this paper, we focus on the effects of over insulation on the thermal performance of roofs in summer, by analyzing experimental data from monitoring a full-scale mock-up in Italy. Results show how an increase in insulation thickness reduces the effectiveness of traditional passive cooling strategies, as an effect of the thermal decoupling between the interior and the upper layers of the roofs.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244839

Study on some sorption properties of treated bentonites for their potential use as a moisture regulating system for the preservation of historical wooden elements
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: We report the first results of a research study aimed at developing a new strategy for the conservation of wooden structural elements present in historical buildings, based on moisture regulating systems. As has been happening for artefact preservation in museums, the idea is to develop systems based on the ability of some highly hygroscopic materials to moderate variations in relative humidity. These materials could adsorb and release moisture to reduce the extreme values of humidity in the micro-climate, for example between wooden beams and masonry. In order to experimentally verify this possibility using current, low cost and easy handling building materials, 5 bentonite samples were laboratory processed to improve their adsorbing properties by means of treatment with sodium carbonate at 3 concentrations: 2, 3 and 4% by weight. The effectiveness of ion exchange between sodium carbonate and bentonite was controlled by measuring the swelling volume of the bentonites. All the samples (n = 15) were tested for their hygroscopic properties. Adsorption isotherms were measured at 25 ◦C, using desiccators with silica gel, saturated salt solutions and bi-distilled water. A comparison between isotherms of one of the lower hygroscopic treated sample of bentonite and of a sample of wood and of a sample of brick and some numerical analyses with the Delphin code were made in order to evaluate the potential use of this bentonite as a moisture regulating system for the preservation of historical wooden elements. Results show that it seems to be possible to use bentonites as a moisture buffering material in order to reduce moisture content in wooden beams at least during their adsorption phase. It remains to investigate their desorption phase and their behaviour if they be in a saturation condition. Further studies are currently under way.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/53464

Energy performance evaluation of a novel evaporative cooling technique
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; D'Orazio, Marco; Carbonari, Alessandro; Persico, I.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: High summer conditioning consumption is becoming a tough and critical issue and consequently there is a need to provide buildings with new technologies for energy saving. Current European and Italian legislation is also working in this direction. We present a preliminary experimental evaluation of the energy performance of a new technology which is capable of canceling conduction gains through walls: “water-evaporative walls”, which are not only able to prevent the entrance of energy fluxes from the exterior to the interior, but also to reduce wall temperatures to below the values found indoors. This solution basically suggests equipping standard ventilated façades with a proper water-evaporative system, which exploits the latent heat of water evaporation, in order to absorb summer cooling loads. From the technological point of view, it requires the insertion of a water spraying system and a proper insulating layer in the ventilated air chamber. The insulation will act not only as a standard insulating material, but also as a porous surface to store water sprayed by the system and then gradually release it when needed for cooling. The experimental analyses showed the effectiveness of this technology, which decreases the overall summer energy load in buildings by canceling conduction loads.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/51086

Efficacia di interventi con materiali innovativi per il miglioramento sismico di volte in foglio
Il sisma, ricordare, prevenire, progettare
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Editore: Alinea Editrice
Luogo di pubblicazione: Firenze
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/55704

Rivestimenti in “cotto” per pareti ventilate: resistenza all’urto
L'INDUSTRIA DEI LATERIZI
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Simonelli, M; Gallo, M.
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Rivista bilingue Italiano - Inglese
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30796

Influenza delle proprietà radiative del manto sul comportamento termico di sistemi di copertura
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Orciari, Angela; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30798

Moisture buffering capacity of buffering materials
Relative humidiy. Sensors, management and environmentl effects
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Cerolini, S.; Stazi, Alessandro
Editore: Nova
Luogo di pubblicazione: New York
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/62819

Moisture buffering capacity of highly absorbing materials
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: S., Cerolini; DI PERNA, Costanzo; D'Orazio, Marco; Stazi, Alessandro
Editore: Elsevier BV:PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam Netherlands:011 31 20 4853757, 011 31 20 4853642, 011 31 20 4853641, EMAIL: nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl, INTERNET: http://www.elsevier.nl, Fax: 011 31 20 4853598
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This research investigates the possibility to use highly absorbing materials to dampen indoor RH% variations. The practical MBV of sodium polyacrylate, cellulose-based material, perlite and gypsum is evaluated for a daily cyclic exposure that alternates high (75%) and low (33%) RH% levels for 8 h and 16 h, respectively. The adjustment velocity to RH% variations and the presence of hysteretic phenomena are also presented. The cellulose-based material proves to be the most suitable for moisture buffering applications. Starting from this material’s properties, the effect of thickness, vapour resistance factor ( m) and mass surface exchange coefficient (Zv) on sorption capacity is evaluated by the use of a numerical model.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/51394

Thermal behaviour of vented roofs
STRUCTURAL SURVEY
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Stazi, Francesca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/50485

Experimental evaluation of the growth rate of mould on finishes for indoor housing environments: Effects of the 2002/91/EC directive
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; M., Palladini; Aquilanti, Lucia; Clementi, Francesca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: We report t he results of a study to evalu ate the growth rate of three spec ies of mould on pla sters, finish es and paints typical ly used in structu res wit h heavy weight bui lding envelopes. The aim was to determine the infl uence of the chemi cal comp osition (in terms of orga nic fraction of the ma terials) on the growth rate of mou lds. The stu dy was carrie d out in the following steps: – characterizati on of ma terials; – inoculati on of mou ld spores (3 spec ies) on 7 types of ma terial (2 plasters, 3 fini shes, 2 paints) ; – growth in a climatic cham ber (23 C an d 90% RH); – ana lysis of the mould growth rate using vari ous experim ental techniques (fluorescence mi croscopy analysi s, thermo gravimet ric ana lysis, etc.). Results show a clea r correlation between the organi c subs tances contai ned in paints, plasters and fi nishes and the growt h rate of the mo uld. This stud y is part of a more general research program wh ich addresses t he effects on indoor environment air quality based on the European directive 20 02/91/EC . This directive spec ifically indicates that energy consu mption in bui ldings should be limited and sets threshold values for the thermal resistance of t he buildi ng walls and windows. As a cons equence wi ndow manuf actu rers are improving the thermal property of wi ndows by reducing the air permeab ility, which may increase t he indoor and surface relative humidity percentage (RH%) and lead to the de velopment of mou ld in the indoor environments.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/69422

Effects of roof tile permeability on the thermal performance of ventilated roofs: analysis of annual performance.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Principi, Paolo; Stazi, Alessandro
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Editore: Elsevier
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/52804

Le strutture ad incannucciato nel territorio marchigiano: aspetti tecnologici e tipologici.
LINGUAGGIO EDILIZIO E SAPERE COSTRUTTIVO
Autore/i: Stazi, Alessandro; D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Luogo di pubblicazione: Monfalcone (Gorizia)
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/57561

Comportamento igrometrico di coperture superisolate
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; A., Stazi; E., Di Giuseppe
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: RIVISTA NEWSLETTER DELLE COPERTURE
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/62510

Il comportamento delle coperture ventilate in fase invernale
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30786

Il comportamento delle coperture ventilate in fase invernale
L'INDUSTRIA DEI LATERIZI
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Rivista bilingue italiano inglese
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/51715

Contributi alla storia della costruzione metallica in Italia.
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Alinea
Luogo di pubblicazione: FIRENZE
Classificazione: 3 Libro
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/40700

Caratterizzazione di setti murari mediante tecnologia Georadar - Georadar penetrating radar analysis of masonry structures
L'involucro edilizio: Una progettazione complessa
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; D'Orazio, Marco; DEL CONTE, A.
Editore: Alinea
Luogo di pubblicazione: Firenze
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/47630

Problemi igrotermici
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; D., Dogana
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30438

Comportamento igrometrico delle coperture in laterizio
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; D., Dogana
Editore: Gruppo Editoriale Faenza Editrice:via Pier de Crescenzi 44, I 48018 Faenza Italy:011 39 0546 670111, EMAIL: info@faenza.com, Fax: 011 39 0546 660440
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30377

I sistemi veture per il retrofitting energetico, comportamento termico e tenuta all'acqua
L'involucro edilizio: una progettazione complessa
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Dogana, D.
Editore: ALINEA EDITRICE srl
Luogo di pubblicazione: Firenze
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/73902

Iperisolamento e qualità dell’aria
MODULO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; M., Palladini
Editore: BE MA Editrice:Via Teocrito 50, I 20128 Milan Italy:011 39 02 25207281, EMAIL: segreteria@bema.it, Fax: 011 39 02 27000692
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/30439

MOisture buffering: Una nuova strategia per la permeabilità dell'involucro edilizio
L'involucro edilizio: una progettazione complessa
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Cerolini, S.
Editore: ALINEA EDITRICE srl
Luogo di pubblicazione: Firenze
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/73903

Criteri per il recupero e la conservazione di volte in camorcanna con intradosso di pregio
Intersezioni e mutazioni nei rapporti tra architettura e tecnica
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Quagliarini, Enrico; Stazi, Alessandro
Editore: Luciano Editore
Luogo di pubblicazione: Napoli
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/73899

Dalla sperimentazione al progetto tecnologico. Il caso delle coperture in cotto
Intersezioni e mutazioni nei rapporti tra architettura e tecnica
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Dogana, D.
Editore: Luciano Editore
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/73900