Elisa DI GIUSEPPE

Pubblicazioni

Elisa DI GIUSEPPE

 

175 pubblicazioni classificate nel seguente modo:

Nr. doc. Classificazioni
100 1 Contributo su Rivista
34 2 Contributo in Volume
31 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
5 3 Libro
4 7 Curatele
1 8 Tesi di dottorato
Anno
Risorse
2024
Building Management System and Data Sharing Platform for Passive Cooling Strategies Assessment and Users’ Awareness Increase: Design and Application to a Social Housing Context in Italy
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2023. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Maracchini, Gianluca; Latini, Arianna; Bernardini, Gabriele; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The development and application of Building Management Systems (BMSs) provide different benefits, related to optimizing real-time building monitoring and analysis, understanding users’ behavior toward systems and components, collecting data to reduce the performance gap in building energy models, and also promoting users’ awareness based on automation and control systems and feedback solutions. This paper deals with the design and application of a smart, wireless, reversible, and low-impact BMS, integrated into two existing social housing buildings, selected as demo cases in the European “LIFE SUPERHERO” project. The information obtained from installed sensors (outdoor and indoor environmental conditions, occupants’ behavior, roof performance) is stored in a server, thus allowing researchers to access data in real-time, and to carry out analyses related to the indicators and objective of the project itself (e.g., reduction of cooling energy consumptions, comfort optimization, etc.). Raw and processed data are then reported in a web-based Data Sharing Platform, called “HUman-BEhaviors monitoring data Sharing” (HU-BES) that provides qualitative and quantitative user-friendly data representation to specialized and un-specialized end-users, such as designers, stakeholders, and occupants. Both the BMS and HU-BES are developed to be flexible tools that can be further integrated depending on the evolution of the project, for example, by adding other sensors or showing different performance indicators.
2024
What Matters the Most? The Role of Actual Occupancy Patterns and Automatic Model Calibration in Reducing the Building Energy Performance Gap in an Italian Case Study
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2023
Autore/i: Maracchini, Gianluca; Latini, Arianna; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Gianangeli, Andrea; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer, Singapore
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Building energy models are increasingly used in energy renovation projects to identify the best retrofit strategy. However, a significant discrepancy between real and numerical building performances (“performance gap”) is generally observed, which can lead to an erroneous design of the energy retrofit measures. To reduce this gap, automatic model calibrations can be undertaken. This approach generally focuses on fine-tuning some “fixed” parameters to minimize an error function but often disregards the uncertainties in time-varying occupants’ behavior patterns. These latter are also commonly modeled through standardized profiles due to a lack of knowledge, then further increasing the performance gap, especially where occupants’ behavior may have a higher level of uncertainty, as in residential buildings. In this context, it is important to understand and quantify the impact of actual occupancy profiles on model accuracy also in comparison with that achieved through calibration. For this reason, this work compares, for a specific case study of social housing in Reggio Emilia (Italy), the performance gap reduction achievable through (i) common automatic calibration approaches; (ii) the modeling of the actual, experimentally observed, occupants’ behavior. The results reveal that modeling the actual users’ behavior decreases the error (RMSE) in indoor air temperature by 0.46 °C, i.e., more than the reduction obtained through the adopted calibration approaches (0.26 °C). In terms of energy consumption for space cooling, the performance gap without actual occupancy was significantly higher than that obtained for three monitored unoccupied apartments (AC always on), i.e., 10–15% against 1–4%. However, if the actual occupants’ behavior is modeled, the performance gap is reduced to the values obtained for the unoccupied apartments. This study highlights the importance of occupancy patterns in building energy modeling.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/328016 Collegamento a IRIS

2024
Building Management System and Data Sharing Platform for Passive Cooling Strategies Assessment and Users’ Awareness Increase: Design and Application to a Social Housing Context in Italy
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2023
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Maracchini, Gianluca; Latini, Arianna; Bernardini, Gabriele; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer, Singapore
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The development and application of Building Management Systems (BMSs) provide different benefits, related to optimizing real-time building monitoring and analysis, understanding users’ behavior toward systems and components, collecting data to reduce the performance gap in building energy models, and also promoting users’ awareness based on automation and control systems and feedback solutions. This paper deals with the design and application of a smart, wireless, reversible, and low-impact BMS, integrated into two existing social housing buildings, selected as demo cases in the European “LIFE SUPERHERO” project. The information obtained from installed sensors (outdoor and indoor environmental conditions, occupants’ behavior, roof performance) is stored in a server, thus allowing researchers to access data in real-time, and to carry out analyses related to the indicators and objective of the project itself (e.g., reduction of cooling energy consumptions, comfort optimization, etc.). Raw and processed data are then reported in a web-based Data Sharing Platform, called “HUman-BEhaviors monitoring data Sharing” (HU-BES) that provides qualitative and quantitative user-friendly data representation to specialized and un-specialized end-users, such as designers, stakeholders, and occupants. Both the BMS and HU-BES are developed to be flexible tools that can be further integrated depending on the evolution of the project, for example, by adding other sensors or showing different performance indicators.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/328014 Collegamento a IRIS

2024
Potential of Biophilic Design in Workplaces: A Pilot Study with Eye Tracking in Immersive Virtual Environments
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2023
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; Marcelli, Ludovica; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer, Singapore
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Biophilic design (BD) approach promotes the integration of nature-based systems into the built environment, with a positive impact on human comfort, health, well‐being, and cognitive functions. In this pilot study, a virtual model of an office room was integrated with nature’s patterns (living wall and potted plants) to create an immersive biophilic environment (IBE). In the IBE, 25 participants performed three cognitive tasks, while their eyes movements were detected through an eye-tracking technology integrated within the head-mounted display for virtual reality (VR). The authors focused on two goals: verifying the ecological validity of the virtual biophilic model and evaluating the potential effect of introducing green elements in terms of visual attention, interest, and distraction. Findings revealed that the IBE created an excellent level of presence and immersivity. The preliminary results show that visual attention could be positively triggered by the proximity of users to the natural element and the possibility of freely exploring the biophilic environment, while visual distraction from operative tasks might be negatively influenced by the spatial location and dimension. Hence, the results of this pilot study support the potentiality of adopting VR in extensive research studies to support a proper biophilic design promoting emotional attachment and work efficiency.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/328015 Collegamento a IRIS

2024
Effects of Biophilic Design interventions on university students' cognitive performance: An audio-visual experimental study in an Immersive Virtual office Environment
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; Torresin, Simone; Oberman, Tin; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Aletta, Francesco; Kang, Jian; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The human-nature connection should be a key component in the design of supportive and comfortable indoor environments. An interest in introducing Nature Based Solutions indoor via Biophilic Design (BD) intervention recently emerged. Related benefits for work efficiency have been identified in lab-studies without the possibility to perform preliminary design assessments. Recently, VR has been adopted thanks to its advantages for data collection in highly realistic environments. To date, most of the research on BD has been focused on the visual connection with nature even if people experience multiple senses simultaneously. In this paper, a new design approach for preliminary assessment of BD intervention in VR is presented. A 3x3 between-subjects design study is presented, comparing three office layouts (Indoor Green, Outdoor Green and Non-Biophilic) and three acoustic scenarios (Office, Office + Traffic and Office + Nature). 198 participants performed one test session completing three cognitive tasks for each acoustic condition, and survey. The results of the sense of presence and immersivity (visual), the sensory congruency (acoustic) and cybersickness disorders suggested that VR is an effective tool to preliminary evaluate the potential of BD interventions (ecological validity). The findings of the cognitive tests revealed that audio-visual connection with nature can positively influence working memory, inhibition and task-switching performance. The acoustic factor exhibited a higher improvement effect compared to the visual factor, between 23 % and 71 % against 12 %–39 %. Moreover, the Natural sound in the Indoor Green condition was the most supportive visual*acoustic condition while Traffic in the Non-Biophilic environment was the most disruptive one.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/326252 Collegamento a IRIS

2024
Influence of pre-processing methods on the automatic priority prediction of native-language end-users’ maintenance requests through machine learning methods
JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Feedback and requests by occupants are relevant sources of data to improve building management, and building maintenance. Indeed, most predictable faults can be directly identified by occupants and communicated to facility managers through communications written in the end-users’ native language. In this sense, natural language processing methods can support the request identification and attribution process if they are robust enough to extract useful information from these unstructured textual sources. Machine learning (ML) can support assessing and managing these data, especially in the case of many simultaneous communications. In this field, the application of pre-processing and ML methods to English-written databases has been widely provided, while efforts in other native languages are still limited, impacting the real applicability. Moreover, the performance of combinations of methods for pre-processing, ML and classification classes attribution, has been limitedly investigated while comparing different languages. To fill this gap, this work hence explores the performance of automatic priority assignment of maintenance end-users’ requests depending on the combined influence of: (a) different natural language pre-processing methods, (b) several supervised ML algorithms, (c) two priority classification rules (2-class versus 4-class), (d) the database language (i.e. the original database written in Italian, the native end-users’ language; a translated database version in English, as standard reference). Analyses are performed on a database of about 12000 maintenance requests written in Italian concerning a stock of 23 buildings open to the public. A random sample of the sentences is supervised and labelled by 20 expert annotators following the best-worst method to attribute a priority score. Labelled sentences are then pre-processed using four different approaches to progressively reduce the number of unique words (potential predictors). Five different consolidated ML methods are applied, and comparisons involve accuracy, precision, recall and F1-score for each combination of pre-processing action, ML method and the number of priority classes. Results show that, within each ML algorithm, different pre-processing methods limitedly impact the final accuracy and average F1-score. In both Italian and English conditions, the best performance is obtained by NN, LR, SVM methods, while NB generally fails, and by considering the 2-class priority classification scale. In this sense, results confirm that facility managers can be effectively supported by ML methods for preliminary priority assessments in building maintenance processes, even when the requests database is written in end-users’ native language.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327999 Collegamento a IRIS

2024
Improving Sustainable Management of University Buildings Based on Occupancy Data
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The sustainability of buildings during their life cycle could be increased by optimizing their facility management. In this sense, data-driven approaches could support the improvement of building operation and maintenance (O&M), because they can exploit collected data to provide useful correlations to assess the sustainability performance depending on the surrounding constraints. Universities are among the most relevant and largest organizations, generally hosted in multistory buildings, that could take advantage of such data to improve the sustainable goals of class occupancy and timetable. A high level of classroom occupancy is the main goal for class timetabling, and its effect on other O&M performance generally is overlooked. In the literature, class timetabling effects on university O&M, and especially on elevator maintenance tasks, have not yet been addressed in depth. Therefore this work adopted a data-driven approach to jointly optimize class scheduling and corrective maintenance actions required for elevators in university buildings. Elevator use is influenced greatly by schedule-dependent occupant movement, and thus is one of the main components of the total maintenance costs, and significantly affects safety performance. A 15-month experimental campaign on a university campus hosting as many as 7,000 occupants daily was performed to correlate occupant presence and movement with the number of corrective actions on elevators. The data-driven correlation was integrated with open-source timetabling software to assess the impact of alternative timetables (affecting occupant movement and occupancy levels) on expected maintenance needs. According to the results, the optimized timetable can reduce current elevator maintenance needs by 65%, whereas the classroom occupancy performance is reduced by only 7%, thus still leading to sustainable building use. The proposed optimization approach allows facility managers to implement a university class timetabling that achieves higher maintenance cost savings, thus moving toward more-sustainable management of building scheduling and maintenance performance in a joint manner.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/324656 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Virtual reality as a new frontier for energy behavioural research in buildings: tests validation in a virtual immersive office environment
TEMA
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Occupants’ behaviour and strategies to encourage behavioural changes need to be addressed in workplaces to reduce energy consumption. In this study, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) was integrated for the first time with an office virtual environment (VE) to investigate the adequacy of the VE in the comfort and behaviour domain, while understanding its effect in predicting individuals’ energy-related intention of interaction with the building systems. 104 participants, randomly divided into two groups, were recruited to answer questionnaires (TPB, comfort, interactions, sense of presence, cybersickness). Two test sessions were conducted at a constant indoor air temperature: an in-situ experiment was compared with the virtual counterpart. Findings revealed an excellent level of presence and immersivity and the absence of high disorder levels. A good agreement between the two environments was highlighted in terms of thermal comfort, number and type of interactions. Moreover, no differences were discovered between the results of a multiple regression model in both the real and virtual environments. In this study, the knowledge of energy consumption of building equipment had the strongest effect on predicting the intention of interaction in both tested environments. Thus, the suitability of the virtual environment could offer an effective tool for decision-makers and researchers to develop strategies aimed to design more comfortable and less energy-consuming buildings.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/316735 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Applicazione di NBS per il comfort e l’efficienza lavorativa degli utenti in ambienti ad uso ufficio: uno studio in Realtà Virtuale
Le NbS-Nature-based Solutions per l’architettura e la città. L’approccio prestazionale alle tecnologie vegetate. Atti della conferenza 2023
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Latini, Arianna; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: FrancoAngeli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Currently, the design of the built environment fails to address an integrated strategy that places equal concern on the efficiency of buildings and the individuals’ domain. Nature Based Solutions (NBS) are innovative key approaches to achieving EU 2030 strategies for resilient and biodiversity-rich ecosystems that improve the health and well-being of individuals. While the focus on the latter is still limited, several psychological theories and building standards pointed out that the modern built environment, characterized by an insufficient human-nature connection, can be implemented through the introduction of NBS to promote a positive impact on individuals’ comfort, health, emotions, cognitive functions, and behaviour. In the architectural and engineering sector, the aim is to integrate the performance of NBS in a holistic approach to consider both the efficiency of solutions in terms of environmental impact and indicators of impact on building users. Thus, a new design paradigm emerged: Biophilic Design (BD), which aims at both a low environmental impact strategy and a beneficial contact between nature and humans to design sustainable and comfortable buildings. Recently, researchers adopted Virtual Reality (VR) to study BD due to its many advantages as a flexible and low-cost solution. In this paper, a case study is presented to evaluate the potential of the introduction of NBS (green wall, potted plants) on the working efficiency of 132 participants within an office virtual environment under a constant indoor air temperature. The results show the potential of using VR to evaluate the integration of NBS within the indoor environment since the first building design phase and the decision-making process.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325295 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
L’efficientamento energetico di edifici alla luce dei nuovi scenari energetici ed economici
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Remia, Giada
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: La ricerca indaga la convenienza economica dell’efficientamento energetico di edifici alla luce dei mutati scenari energetici ed economici post-pandemici, mettendo a confronto costi e benefici di oltre 300 interventi applicati a un caso-studio
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/314601 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Validazione sperimentale di ambienti virtuali immersivi per lo studio di comfort, efficienza lavorativa e comportamento energetico di utenti in ambienti ad uso ufficio
In Transizione: sfide e opportunità per l’ambiente costruito. In Transition: challenges and opportunities for the build heritage
Autore/i: Latini, A; Di Giuseppe, E; D'Orazio, M
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323658 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Ondate di calore: risposta termica e comportamento energetico nell’edilizia sociale
INGENIO
Autore/i: Massetti, S.; Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323712 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
End-user’s perception of the state of the building systems through sentiment and emotion analysis methods
In Transizione: sfide e opportunità per l’ambiente costruito. In Transition: challenges and opportunities for the build heritage
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Giuseppe, Di; Bernardini, Gabriele
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323671 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Assessing People’s Efficiency in Workplaces by Coupling Immersive Environments and Virtual Sounds
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies book series (SIST,volume 336)
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; DI LORETO, Samantha; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Lori, Valter; Serpilli, Fabio
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The use of virtual reality (VR) to study the effect of the acoustic environment on performance is still in its infancy, despite its many potentialities due to audio-visual improvement. In this study, a binaural soundtrack was generated and integrated within an immersive virtual environment of an office room, to evaluate the effects of an acoustic ambient on users’ cognitive performance and subjective evaluation. To generate the soundtrack, five disrupting sound sources (phone rings,machine noise,mechanical systems, human-based sounds and acoustical effects) were selected. 104 participants performed three productivity tests (working memory, inhibition, task switching) and answered questionnaires under a constant indoor air temperature (24 °C). In particular, an independent measure experimental designwas conducted: each group (52 subjects) randomly performed one test session: a no-ambient-noise condition or «quiet environment» was compared to a treated-with-noise condition, or «noisy environment» virtual session. The authors focused on two goals: verifying the external-ecological validity of the virtual model created and evaluating the effect of the sound stimuli on productivity. Findings revealed that the virtual office created an excellent level of presence and immersivity and confirmed, as expected, that work efficiency was negatively influenced by the ambient noise. A decrease in performance was detected in each cognitive test, as the subject evaluated the sound environment to be uncomfortable, chaotic and boring. Hence, the results supported the potentialities of the proposed acoustic virtual reality to study productivity in combination with different stimuli and layouts.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311648 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Evaluation of effectiveness and resources consumption of water mist spray systems in Mediterranean areas by predictions based on LSTM Recurrent Neural Networks
SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Di Perna, Costanzo; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Coccia, Gianluca; Summa, Serena
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: To counter the increasing urban overheating, climate adaptation solutions are proposed. Among them, water mist spray recently acquired particular attention, due to its efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and versatility. However, spray devices require a large amount of water and energy to cool even limited areas, thus their environmental costs/benefits ratio should be carefully evaluated. This study analyses cooling benefits and resources consumption of mist devices in 11 cities within 3 climate contexts, through Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) trained with experimental data. RNNs predict the expected time series of thermal benefits and of energy and water consumptions, also considering different design solutions of devices. Results show that when sun/wind shielding is used in the sprayed area, or the height of nozzles is limited, higher cooling results are obtained. However, energy and water consumption are extremely high if misting systems are perennially active during the day. Considering all simulated conditions, the predicted average daily energy to obtain a unitary variation of the Mediterranean Outdoor Comfort Index is 4,17 Wh/m2, while the corresponding average daily volume of water is 0,56 l*h/m2. These results confirm the need for applications managed by control logics based on the acquisition of real-time climatic data to reduce the environmental loads.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/321132 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Impact of Urban Morphology on Urban Heat Island Intensity in a Mediterranean City: Global Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis
Green Energy and Technology
Autore/i: Bavarsad Salehipour, Fatemeh.; Maracchini, G.; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Urban microclimate tools are used to estimate the magnitude of urban heat island (UHI) and the effectiveness of mitigation strategies. However, acquiring information for creating reliable models is often challenging. Sensitivity analysis (SA) and uncertainty analysis (UA) can be effectively used to acquire information and make informed decisions even in uncertain scenarios. However, few studies still carry out SA and UA on microclimate models. This study used SA and UA techniques to evaluate the impact of urban morphology on the UHI phenomenon in the Mediterranean climate during a summer heat wave period in Rome, Italy. The urban weather generator (UWG) tool is used, coupled to SA and UA tools. The input parameters of four common local climate zones (LCZs) are used to develop the urban model. The UA results show that the highest urban heat island intensity (UHII) occurs in LCZ2, the densest district among the selected LCZs. The SA confirms that LCZ parameters such as the mean height of buildings, building surface fraction, and aspect ratio are the most influential ones in this study.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/323711 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Crossed Effect of Acoustics on Thermal Comfort and Productivity in Workplaces: A Case Study in Virtual Reality
JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; Di Loreto, Samantha; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Di Perna, Costanzo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: During the last decades, virtual reality (VR) has been devoted to supporting research in the architecture, engineering, and construction sectors because of its ability to provide multisensory three-dimensional (3D) environments. However, the use of immersive virtual environments (IVEs) in the design of the built environment is still in its infancy, and it is limited to visually designed spaces. In addition, a fundamental challenge lies in improving the sense of hearing. The effective simulation of the built environment with an overall realistic perception will support designers when identifying the influence of design decisions and building acoustics on individuals, therefore, properly designing acoustic strategies. In this study, five disrupting sound sources were selected to create a binaural soundtrack that was integrated within a virtual office environment to evaluate the effectiveness of the model (i.e., ecological validity) and the effects of acoustics on user comfort and cognitive performance (i.e., criterion validity). Independent measure design research was employed. In total, 104 participants performed working memory, inhibition, and task-switching tests under quiet (Q) or noise (N) conditions when the indoor air temperature remained constant. The results showed that the modeled virtual office created an excellent level of presence and immersivity with no significant cybersickness disorders (i.e., ecological validity). Ambient noise disrupted work efficiency with a relevant decrease in performance in each cognitive test (i.e., criterion validity). The sound environment was assessed as uncomfortable, chaotic, and boring. In addition, it negatively impacted the subjects’ thermal comfort vote (TCV). These results suggested the adequacy of IVE when providing an accurate representation of the variables measured; therefore, it supported effective user-centered design analysis and strategies.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312352 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Building energy consumption under occupants’ behavior uncertainty in pre and post-renovation scenarios: a case study in Italy
TEMA
Autore/i: Maracchini, Gianluca; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In Europe, the energy renovation of the existing building stock is a great opportunity to significantly reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and reach the European sustainability targets. In this framework, building energy simulations (BES) tools are very useful in verifying energy retrofit measures’ effectiveness and compliance with national standards. However, an inaccurate numerical prediction, the so-called “performance gap” between measured and numerical performance, is often obtained, mainly due to the inherent uncertainty of model input. Due to its stochastic nature, the occupants’ behavior (OB) is considered among the key contributors to this gap. However, the most recent Building Energy Model (BEM) approaches adopt deterministic hourly-defined profiles for characterizing OB, thus neglecting the related uncertainty. In this work, the impact of OB uncertainties on energy consumption (EC) prediction is evaluated by adopting a Karhunen-Loève Expansion sampling technique, used to randomly perturb OB profiles such as heating setpoint (HS), internal thermal loads (IL), and windows opening (NV). Two BEMs of a typical Italian residential building in pre- and post-renovation scenarios are considered and calibrated on real EC data. The results demonstrated that HS uncertainty has the highest impact on EC in all scenarios. Moreover, the higher the energy performance of the building, the higher the impact of OB, especially for IL and NV patterns.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/316271 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Immersive virtual vs real office environments: A validation study for productivity, comfort and behavioural research
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Latini, A.; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The use of Virtual Reality (VR) to enhance research in the building sector is currently emerging, but validation studies are still limited. This work aims to provide a contribution in VR validation on comfort, productivity, and adaptive behaviour research in offices. 104 participants performed one test session in a real or a virtual room, three cognitive tasks and surveys (on immersivity, cybersickness, comfort, and intention of interaction). The validation process was addressed by evaluating the adequacy of VR in representing real-life scenarios and the benchmark of results. Findings confirmed the ecological validity of the model by an excellent sense of presence, graphical satisfaction, involvement, realism and low cybersickness levels. The absence of significant differences between the results on comfort, productivity, and behaviour, collected in the real and virtual settings, supported the criterion validity. Results highlighted the potentialities of applying VR to support a user-centred design and investigations on multi-domain comfort.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311809 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Improving Cultural Heritage conservation: LSTM neural networks to effectively processing end-user’s maintenance requests
VITRUVIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, M.; Bernardini, G.; Di Giuseppe, E.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Preventive conservation of cultural heritage can avoid or minimize future damage, deterioration, loss and consequently, any invasive intervention. Recently, Machine Learning methods were proposed to support preventive conservation and maintenance plans, based on their ability to predict the future state of the built heritage by collected data. Several data sources were used, such as structural data and images depicting the evolution of the deterioration state, but till now textual information, exchanged by people living or working in historical buildings to require maintenance interventions, was not used to support conservation programmes. This work proposes a method to support preventive conservation programs based on the analysis of data collected into CMMS (computer maintenance management software). In a Cultural Heritage building in Italy, hosting a University Campus, data about end-user’s maintenance requests collected for 34 months were analysed, and LSTM neural networks were trained to predict the category of each request. Results show a prediction accuracy of 96.6%, thus demonstrating the potentialities of this approach in dynamically adapting the maintenance program to emerging issues.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/314514 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Predict the priority of end-users’ maintenance requests and the required technical staff through LSTM and Bi-LSTM recurrent neural networks
FACILITIES
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Purpose This paper aims to develop predictive methods, based on recurrent neural networks, useful to support facility managers in building maintenance tasks, by collecting information coming from a computerized maintenance management system (CMMS). Design/methodology/approach This study applies data-driven and text-mining approaches to a CMMS data set comprising more than 14,500 end-users’ requests for corrective maintenance actions, collected over 14 months. Unidirectional long short-term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) recurrent neural networks are trained to predict the priority of each maintenance request and the related technical staff assignment. The data set is also used to depict an overview of corrective maintenance needs and related performances and to verify the most relevant elements in the building and how the current facility management (FM) relates to the requests. Findings The study shows that LSTM and Bi-LSTM recurrent neural networks can properly recognize the words contained in the requests, thus correctly and automatically assigning the priority and predicting the technical staff to assign for each end-user’s maintenance request. The obtained global accuracy is very high, reaching 93.3% for priority identification and 96.7% for technical staff assignment. Results also show the main critical building elements for maintenance requests and the related intervention timings. Research limitations/implications This work shows that LSTM and Bi-LSTM recurrent neural networks can automate the assignment process of end-users’ maintenance requests if trained with historical CMMS data. Results are promising; however, the trained LSTM and Bi-LSTM RNN can be applied only to different hospitals adopting similar categorization. Practical implications The data-driven and text-mining approaches can be integrated into the CMMS to support corrective maintenance management by facilities management contractors, i.e. to properly and timely identify the actions to be carried out and the technical staff to assign. Social implications The improvement of the maintenance of the health-care system is a key component of improving health service delivery. This work shows how to reduce health-care service interruptions due to maintenance needs through machine learning methods. Originality/value This study develops original methods and tools easily integrable into IT workflow systems (i.e. CMMS) in the FM field.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/315849 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Development and application of an experimental framework for the use of virtual reality to assess building users’ productivity, comfort, and adaptive-behaviour
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Latini, Arianna; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The use of Virtual Reality (VR) to assess comfort, productivity, and behaviour in built environments is currently emerging. However, an effective and standardised methodology to support researchers in performing VR tests to collect reliable data is lacking. Thus, the study aims to develop a novel and comprehensive experimental framework for organising the application of VR in this research domain, based on five validity types: content, internal, face, ecological, and criterion validity. To illustrate its suitability and applicability, the framework was applied to a singledomain case study of a virtual office room. 52 volunteers were recruited to perform cognitive tests (Stroop test, OSPAN test, Magnitude-Parity test) and answer questionnaires. Tests and surveys have been developed to support the content validity of the research. Each test was performed under different thermal stimuli: 24 °C and 16 °C, randomly assigned, to pursue internal validity. The first goal was to demonstrate that the framework allowed the creation of highly immersive scenarios. Findings confirmed the ecological validity of the model with an excellent sense of presence, graphical satisfaction, involvement and realism and non- significant levels of cybersickness. The second aim concerned the evaluation of the ability of the VR environment to capture the influence of the temperature set point on the dependent variables. As expected, a statistically significant influence was detected only on thermal comfort votes and adaptive behaviour, thus supporting the criterion validity. Results highlighted the values and potentialities of applying the present framework in the context of the emerging multi-domain research in support of user-centred design.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312728 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Life Cycle Assessment of Mortars with Fine Recycled Aggregates from Industrial Waste: Evaluation of Transports Impact in the Italian Context
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Carosi, Marta
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: An LCA study (based on ISO 14040, ISO 14044, and EN 15804 + A2 standards) was performed to evaluate the environmental impacts of two mortars incorporating recycled materials (composite and carbon dust) from industrial waste as fine aggregates. They were compared to “reference” mortars, with the same strength performance, entirely composed of raw natural materials. The aim was to advance knowledge on the performance of mortars with composite materials, especially deepening the impact of the phase of materials’ transport on life-cycle behavior. In this regard, the work was conducted in three phases. Firstly, the LCA was performed in a specific “local” production scenario. Then, a sensitivity analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the uncertainty of input data on the variance of LCA outcomes. Considering the high sensitivity of results to transport distances, the LCA was finally extended considering several scenarios with increasing distances of aggregates’ transport. The results demonstrate that, for all of the eleven impact categories considered, mortars with recycled aggregates perform better than reference mortars, mainly due to the higher weight of natural aggregates. Even considering an extreme scenario, where natural aggregates are produced in the mortar factory (aggregates’ transport distances set to 0 km, for reference mortars), mortars with recycled aggregates are still convenient from an environmental point of view, if distances for providing industrial waste are lower than 200 km. The promotion of a circular economy perspective, with the settlement of a network of local recycled materials’ providers and users can then generate important nvironmental benefits.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311808 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Experimental evaluation of a water spray system for semi-outdoor spaces: Analysis of the effect of the operational parameters
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Coccia, G.; Summa, S.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.; Zinzi, M.; Perna, Di
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: As a consequence of climate change, urban overheating has increased in all the cities of the world during the last decades. It is therefore paramount to counteract such effect by promoting the use of effective solutions to mitigate overheating at a micro-scale level. In this work, a modular experimental setup based on a water spray system was designed, realized and tested to evaluate its thermohygrometric performance in semi-outdoor spaces such as bus/train/taxi stops, street resting stations and corner shops. The setup allows to vary three operational parameters: (a) the height of the nozzles from the ground; (b) the presence of an upper shielding to reduce the impact of solar radiation; (c) the presence of a side shielding to reduce the impact of wind speed. The combination of the operational parameters allowed to evaluate the performance of five configurations for the water spray system. Several performance indexes were calculated to assess the impact of each operational parameter. It was found that the best configuration guarantees a −20% reduction of dry-bulb temperature, and the minimum specific water and electricity consumptions of the system are 0.020 L/m2 and 0.150 Wh/m2, respectively. Also, the presence of the side shielding is the parameter that mostly influences the performance of the system, followed by the height of the nozzles, while the presence of the upper shielding has a minor effect. These operational parameters, however, increase relative humidity inside the nebulization volume; it is therefore important to verify if undesired wet conditions are reached.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/317012 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis on Urban Heat Island Intensity Using the Local Climate Zone (LCZ) Schema: The Case Study of Athens
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2022
Autore/i: Maracchini, Gianluca; Bavarsad, Fatemeh Salehipour; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon commonly occurs in cities worldwide and may affect the health of millions of people, especially during heatwaves. To design and propose mitigation strategies, accurate urban microclimate simulation tools are needed but retrieving information for creating reliable models is often challenging. Sensitivity (SA) and uncertainty (UA) analysis can help to achieve valuable information and to produce informed decisions even in an uncertain scenario. However, to date, that are few studies that perform SA and UA on microclimate models. In the present study, the Urban Weather Generator (UWG) software has been used to apply SA and UA to the city of Athens, Greece. The urban model is established by considering the variation of input parameters that may occur within three of the most diffused Local Climate Zones (LCZ) in city centers. Results showed that the highest average Urban Heat Island Intensity (UHII) is obtained in LCZ2 followed by LCZ3 and LCZ5 (2.92, 2.78 and 2.60 °C, respectively). However, due to the overlapping of UHII output values among different LCZs, it is not possible to state with absolute certainty that a “lower” LCZ corresponds to a higher UHII in a specific city. The SA confirmed that LCZ parameters such as building surface fraction, aspect ratio and mean height of buildings are the most influential ones in this case study. The percentage of buildings with an operating Air Conditioning system is also a key parameter in LCZ2, which however is also among the most uncertain ones. Thus, this value is required to be well established in future research.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311811 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Energy Poverty and Heatwaves. Experimental Investigation on Low-Income Households’ Energy Behavior
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings 2022
Autore/i: Maracchini, Gianluca; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Global and local climate change increases the occurrence of extreme weather events such as heatwaves (HW), which in the next years will increase even more in both frequency and magnitude. This phenomenon strongly affects people’s quality of life due to societal, health, and environmental repercussions, but also the building sector, increasing energy use and deteriorating the indoor thermal environment. Low-income households are the most affected by health issues during HWs, since they may not own a proper air conditioning system, or not be able to sustain the energy costs for Air Conditioning (AC) use. Several works in the literature try to investigate the impact of HW on building thermal response and energy consumption. However, these works are mainly focused on numerical simulations and do not consider the possible different AC use behavior that may occur in extreme, rare events such as HW. Moreover, none of them consider the impact of HW in an energy poverty scenario. This work presents the results of a wide experimental campaign aimed at evaluating the impact of HW on energy consumption in an energy poverty scenario. The thermal response of two Italian social housing buildings was monitored. The results indicate that, during an HW, an exponential increase in consumption for cooling is observed, which is 4 to 8 times greater than that encountered in normal summer periods. This result highlights the importance of considering a real use scenario in evaluating the impact of HW on building energy consumption.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/311810 Collegamento a IRIS

2023
Automated priority assignment of building maintenance tasks using natural language processing and machine learning
JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M.; Bernardini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Building maintenance tasks to solve unpredictable faults typically start with written communications from end-users (e.g., emails). Technicians manually translate end-users’ requests in work-orders (WOs) assigning them a priority level and the needed staff typology. When the number of contemporary requests is too high, these actions can lead to the interruption of critical services and then possible safety issues. Machine Learning (ML) methods can be trained to automatize this process due to large databases of annotated requests. Nevertheless, natural language preprocessing is needed to apply ML methods because of the unstructured form of the requests. This work aims to verify how preprocessing impacts the ability of ML methods to properly assign priority to the requests. The research methodology combines four different text preprocessing approaches (e.g., symbols and numbers remotion, stop-words remotion, stemming, meaningful words selection) and five consolidated ML methods to classify WOs according to two different priority scales (binary, 4-classes). Accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 are calculated for each combination. Tests are performed on a database of about 12,000 end-users’ maintenance requests, generated for 34 months in 23 university buildings. Results show that strong preprocessing methods, usually performed to increase the effectiveness of ML, do not significantly improve the accuracy of the predictions. Moreover, they show that four of the five tested ML methods obtained a higher accuracy for binary classification and for high and mean priority classes of 4-classes classification. This means that ML methods are especially effective in a preliminary check of the most urgent requests. These results then encourage the use of ML methods in automatic priority assignment of building maintenance tasks, even if based on natural language unstructured requests. The ML can significantly speed up the interventions assignment process for the technical staff, thus improving the maintenance process especially in large and complex buildings organizations.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/317011 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Immersive Virtual vs. Real Environment: a validation field-study to assess occupants’ work productivity and comfort
TEMA
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Latini, Arianna; Di Perna, Costanzo; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In order to maximise occupants’ well-being and work efficiency, keep satisfying environmental conditions, and minimise costs and impact related to the operative and energy use, a “human-centric” approach is more and more pursued in buildings’ design and performance assessment. In this context, the use of Virtual Reality (VR) is emerging due to its advantages (low cost, repeatability, and speed of execution) compared to physical study settings. However, in Immersive Virtual Environments (IVE), it is important to ensure that data represented and collected faithfully replicate the physical environments. In order to provide a further contribution in terms of IVE validation process in the building field, this research presents results from an experimental study, where subjects’ performance tests and comfort assessments were compared in real and virtual office settings under three different walls colour layouts and two air temperature levels. “Internal”, “ecological” and “construct” validity of the IVE have been demonstrated. Findings revealed no statistically significant differences in productivity and sensation votes and in the impact of colour and temperature variables. Results then highlight a strong agreement of the two tested environments, revealing that VR is a potentially reliable tool to measure its real counterparts in terms of occupants’ productivity, perception, and behaviour under different test conditions.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/303999 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Permeable and ventilated roofs: an emerging solution for building comfort and climate mitigation in urban centers. The Project LIFE SUPERHERO
QUALIcer’22 – XVII Congreso mundial de la calidad del azulejo y del pavimento ceramico
Autore/i: Bonvicini, G.; Bignozzi, M. C.; D’Orazio, M.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; Maracchini, G.; Latini, A.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: During the last 15 years, the frequency and intensity of heatwaves have increased in all the EU. In response to warming cities, the growth in environmental impacts and global demand for building cooling are two of the most critical energy issues of our time. Many EU cities are already working on climate mitigation strategies, while urban adaptation is still a novel challenge and requires the urgent development of specific measures to change urban design and structures. Indeed, renovation of existing buildings and design of new ones has a great urban adaptation potential against the “heat” challenge. An effective sustainable and low-cost answer to cities and building overheating is using building “passive cooling” technologies, which allow reducing the temperatures of the building envelope and consequently of the surrounding air, rather than increasing energy demands from artificial cooling. LIFE SUPERHERO seeks to exploit a specific building passive cooling solution: the Ventilated and Permeable Roofs (VPRs) based on roof tile designed during the previous project LIFE HEROTILE. As the roof is the most exposed element to solar radiation, a “vented roof”, obtained through an air space between the installed roof covering and the roof sheathing, could limit the summer heat fluxing into the building, thus reducing roof and wall temperatures. This space reduces heat transfer and allows the roof to “breathe” and disperse the accumulated solar heat. If this ventilation is coupled to a “high permeability” of the roof tiles, it is possible to obtain a considerable increase in the cooling performance. However, current EU national regulations, standards, green rating systems and procurements in the building sector do not recognize the cooling potential of VPRs, mainly focusing on winter heating saving. In particular, there are two main barriers to overcome: the lack of specific policies/legislative frameworks and the lack of people's awareness of their potential. The goals of the project will be achieved: - by implementing a specific EU standard (ETA) and improving building environmental protocols and national building codes considering HBR (Herotile- Based Roof) benefits; - through two building demonstrators where the impact of HBR on occupants’ behavior will be monitored and consequently public and stakeholders’ awareness promoted; - by entailing the development of free LCA/LCC software, to facilitate the implementation of climate change adaptation strategies and action plans at a local level. LIFE SUPERHERO thus promotes a synergy between climate adaptation and mitigation actions. The VPR-HBR allows increasing building and city thermal comfort (adaptation) due to the limitation of external building roof temperature in hot seasons, thus reducing the Urban Heat Island phenomenon. The limitation on internal building roof temperature in hot seasons improves occupants’ comfort, entailing a reduction of cooling energy demand and GHG (Green House Gases) and accelerating the phasedown of HFC (Hydro Fluor Carbon) included in refrigerants (mitigation).
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308821 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Improving building maintenance through the natural language processing of end-user’s maintenance requests and LSTM neural networks: automatic staff assignment by category type
Memoria e Innovazione. Memory and Innovation
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M.; Bernardini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308824 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Ondate di calore e povertà energetica. Indagine sperimentale sulla risposta termica di edifici di edilizia sociale e sul comportamento energetico di famiglie a basso reddito
Memoria e Innovazione. Memory and Innovation
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308823 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Tetto ventilato e permeabile con tegole in laterizio: l’innovazione di SUPERHERO
INGENIO
Autore/i: Bonvicini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.; Latini, A.; Maracchini, G.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308841 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Definizione di un framework sperimentale per l’uso di ambienti virtuali nello studio di comfort, efficienza lavorativa e comportamento energetico degli utenti in edifici
Memoria e Innovazione. Memory and Innovation
Autore/i: Latini, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308822 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Evaluation of the impact of climatic and macroeconomic scenarios on the convenience of "nearly zero energy" building renovations: application of a stochastic LCC approach to a reference building
2030 c.C. Proiezioni future per una progettazione sostenibile
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Maracchini, Gianluca; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Gangemi Editore International
Luogo di pubblicazione: Roma
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: The energy retrofit of the existing building stock is an urgent imperative if we consider the need to limit the consumption of fossil sources and to reduce “energy poverty” triggered by the increase in energy prices. These topics were recently evidenced by the fragility of the economic system following the Russian-Ukrainian war event at the beginning of 2022. Long-term national strategies to support the renovation of the EU building stock must carefully evaluate solutions to reduce the actual financial gap between the «minimum requirements» and the «nearly Zero» energy performance levels to push a deep renovation of buildings. However, the design of specific policies to bridge this gap must take into account the volatility of the macroeconomic environment during the life-cycle of the building. Standardized Life Cycle Costing (LCC) methods disregard the long-term uncertainty affecting the macroeconomic variables and consequently misrepresent the associated risk on the economic convenience of building renovation. The present work then applies a “stochastic” approach to LCC to analyze the impact of future possible macroeconomic scenarios on the economic affordability of building retrofit solutions. The stochastic LCC is applied to a case study represented by several renovation options of a reference building located in different Italian climate areas. Results show that the Global Costs of different retrofit solutions and the financial gap between «minimum requirements» and «nearly Zero» renovations are strongly influenced by the underlying macroeconomic environment. A widespread application of this approach and greater consideration of the volatility of economic parameters would allow establishing specific funding schemes and financing instruments to push a real “renovation wave” of EU buildings.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308801 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Improving Cultural Heritage conservation: LSTM neural networks to effectively processing end-user’s maintenance requests
ReUSO - Documentation, Restoration and Reuse of Heritage - Book of Extended Abstracts
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312353 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Energy saving from small-sized urban contexts: Integrated application into the domestic water cycle
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Autore/i: Postacchini, Matteo; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Eusebi, Anna Laura; Pelagalli, Leonardo; Darvini, Giovanna; Cipolletta, Giulia; Fatone, Francesco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: A novel approach is investigated, based on an integrated solution aiming at exploiting the energy harvestable from both drinking water reaching a municipality (or district) and wastewater flowing out from households. Global costs are also analyzed under several macroeconomic scenarios. A first experimental set was carried out using a supply system, where the mechanical power was generated using a pump as turbine (PAT). The biogas production, especially from black water discharged in a separated sewage system, was analyzed during a second set, to evaluate the anaerobic valorization of carbon sources. Several scenarios were built for small-scale urban applications, varying parameters like population and macroeconomic conditions. The produced energy changes among the scenarios: the PAT is optimized when hydraulic regulation is used, while the anaerobic digestion is optimized for decentralized system coupled to toilet operation without urine separation. Differences in energy production and costs exist between the analyzed technologies, the PAT requiring small investments for a small production, the anaerobic digestion requiring high costs for a large production. Hence, the application to urban contexts depends on the local means/needs and the size of the exploitable territory. The work also draws a potential methodology for urban planning in developing or developed countries.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/307881 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Impact of Occupants’ Behavior Uncertainty on Building Energy Consumption Through the Karhunen-Loève Expansion Technique: A Case Study in Italy
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: In Europe, the building sector is liable for 40% of the entire energy consumption (EC) and 35% of the total greenhouse emission. Building energy performance simulation (BEPS) tools are fundamental to assess the EC of both new buildings and energy retrofit intervention, and to verify the reaching of the requirements set by the national building energy standards. However, the results obtained from these tools are often unreliable due to the different assumptions that must be made in case of data input uncertainty, generating a “performance gap” between observed and predicted EC. Occupants’ behavior (OB) is one of the most difficult parameters to be estimated since affected by high uncertainty that may strongly affect the numerical results. However, the most recent BEPS tools neglect the existing uncertainty by modeling the occupant behavior through deterministic hourly-defined profiles. For this reason, in this work, the impact of OB uncertainties on EC is evaluated by applying a Karhunen-Loève Expansion (KLE) on deterministic hourly defined profiles. A typical Italian residential building is modeled and calibrated on EC data. Then, occupancy behavior-related profiles, such as heating setpoint, internal thermal loads, and windows opening, are randomly perturbed using the KLE technique. The results demonstrate that the heating setpoint patterns uncertainty has the highest impact on EC. Moreover, the more the energy performance of the building, the higher the impact of heat gains and losses caused by OB.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/294384 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Impact of Climate and Economic Scenarios on the Global Costs of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings Renovations. A Stochastic LCC on a Reference Multi-story Building
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E.; Maracchini, G.; D'Orazio, M.
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: National long-term building renovation strategies should reduce the actual financial gap between nearly Zero Energy (nZE) and “minimum energy requirement” levels, to enlarge the impact of buildings’ energy saving on climate neutrality. However, the design of specific policies to bridge this gap strongly depends on the long-term expected value and volatility of the macroeconomic environment during the building's lifetime. Standardized Life Cycle Costing methods disregard the long-term uncertainty affecting the macroeconomic variables and consequently misrepresent the associated risk on the economic convenience of building renovation. The present work applies a “stochastic” approach to LCC on alternative renovation options of a reference building located in different Italian climate areas towards the nZE target. The analysis focuses on the analysis of the impact of alternative macroeconomic scenarios on the investment gap between the “cost-optimal” and the nZE solutions. A widespread application of this methodology in the context of the European “Cost-Optimal” framework would allow establishing specific funding schemes and financing instruments to push a real “renovation wave” of EU buildings.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/294385 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Numerical Assessment of the Impact of Roof Albedo and Thermal Resistance on Urban Overheating: A Case Study in Southern Italy
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Autore/i: Bavarsad, Fatemeh; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.
Editore: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Urban heat island (UHI) and global warming effects increase the urban ambient temperature. During recent years, heat mitigation strategies have been implemented through experiments and simulations due to the significant impacts of these phenomena, especially on near-surface air temperature. UHI mitigation may help cities adapt to the future effects of increasing local air temperature, which are crucial especially in tropical cities. The impact of increasing roof albedo as a UHI mitigation strategy coupled to roof renovation with different performance levels was evaluated in the center of Palermo (Italy) as a case study. To this aim, ENVI-met (version 4.4.5) was used. In addition, three different thermal transmittance scenarios and four albedo scenarios (from 0.1 to 0.9) related to roofs were compared to simulate the efficiency of the roofs at the peak hour on the hottest day of a typical summer heatwave in terms of reduction in air temperature. Based on the results, changing the albedo of the roofs in the selected area led to a decrease in air temperature. The most obvious temperature drops of 0.37 °C were recorded in the scenario where the non-insulated roof was applied, while it was around 0.20 °C in other scenarios. Finally, changing roof albedo can have a limited impact on UHI if coupled with high roof thermal resistance.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/296342 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
COVID-19 LESSON ON FACILITY MANAGEMENT OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS
REHABEND 2022 - EURO-AMERICAN CONGRESS ON CONSTRUCTION PATHOLOGY, REHABILITATION TECHNOLOGY AND HERITAGE MANAGEMENT
Autore/i: D’Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Editore: Círculo Rojo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The emergence caused by the COVID-19 pandemic caused a strong impact even on people interaction with building environments. Public buildings were closed, while the regular access to public and private offices, industries and schools were significantly limited, requiring a quick transition towards different organizations. To reduce the number of people inside the buildings, web services were enhanced, and the practice of smart-working was extended. Nevertheless, during the pandemic, most buildings were normally left open, to allow the regular functioning of the services necessary to ensure smart-working and the necessary changes to HVAC systems to improve ventilation. Pandemic obliged facility managers to change operational and maintenance plans, mainly given the increase of HVAC requirements and the reduction of other types of services, with an important impact on building Operation and Maintenance (O&M) cost and previously defined maintenance strategies. This contribution analyses the impact of the pandemic on operation and maintenance activities on 20 buildings, part of the building stock of Università Politecnica delle Marche (Italy), using data mining approaches. About 12000 end-users’ maintenance requests, generated after and during the different phases of the pandemic, were analysed and information about the change in facility management (FM) activity was collected, to understand how the postpandemic use scenario will impact the O&M (type and amount) and consequently how to improve FM outsourced contracts.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/305823 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Occupant density impact on building maintenance: Data-driven approach for university buildings
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: D'Orazio, M.; Di Giuseppe, E.; Bernardini, G.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Building maintenance needs in public buildings depend on occupant activities and presence. Research should understand how different types of occupant density patterns can be used to forecast the likelihood of specific kinds of maintenance requests. This research adopts a data-driven approach to evaluate experimental-based correlations between maintenance work orders number (relating to a set of Italian university buildings as a relevant case study) and occupant density, thanks to exceptional conditions due to COVID-19 pandemic, which significantly altered building use. Results offer a power-law-based correlation model, confirming that the reduction of occupant density in the COVID-19 lock-down phases impacted the number and perceived severity, but not the typologies, of maintenance work orders. The retrieved correlation model occupant could be directly used to define and prioritize maintenance strategies given occupant density. Future research could use the model to define outsourcing and contract definitions starting from historical data on maintenance actions.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/304359 Collegamento a IRIS

2022
Automatic detection of maintenance requests: Comparison of Human Manual Annotation and Sentiment Analysis techniques
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: D'Orazio, M.; Di Giuseppe, E.; Bernardini, G.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In the building management process, the collection of end-users' maintenance requests is a rich source of information to evaluate occupants' satisfaction and building systems. Computerized Maintenance Management Systems typically collect non-standardized data, difficult to be analyzed. Text mining methodologies can help to extract information from end-users' requests and support priority assignment of decisions. Sentiment Analysis can be applied at this aim, but complexities due to words/sentences orientations/polarities and domains/contexts can reduce its effectiveness. This study compares the ability of different Sentiment Analysis techniques and Human Manual Annotation, considered the gold standard, to automatically define a maintenance severity ranking. About 12,000 requests were collected for 34 months in 23 University buildings. Results show that current Sentiment Analysis techniques seem to limitedly recognize the role of technical words for severity assessment of requests, thus remarking the necessity of novel lexicons in the field of building facility management for automatic maintenance management procedures.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/295881 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Proprietà termiche delle murature
U & C. UNIFICAZIONE E CERTIFICAZIONE
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The recently revised European standard EN 1745 describes methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity of solid masonry units, mortars, masonry units with formed voids and “composite” masonry units, i.e. masonry unit incorporating additional material in the voids, such as thermal insulation. The determination of the “dry” and “design” thermal conductivity values can be defined based on tabulated data, measurements, calculations or a combination of these. The main novelty of the new version lies in the inclusion of a method for the determination of the thermal design values of composite masonry elements. More details in this article.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/287591 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Il BIM nelle simulazioni energetiche di edifici: interoperabilità nel processo BIM-to-BEM
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: L’articolo evidenzia le potenzialità, i limiti e le problematiche dei processi di trasformazione “BIM-to-BEM”, ovvero da modelli BIM a modelli per l’analisi della prestazione energetica degli edifici
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292214 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Un nuovo strumento per analisi di incertezza e sensibilità su strategie di mitigazione del fenomeno Isola di Calore Urbana
Design and construction - Tradition and innovation in the practice of architecture. Progetto e Costruzione - Tradizione ed innovazione nella pratica dell’architettura
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; Latini, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In relazione alla crisi climatica globale, diverse aree urbanizzate del pianeta registrano sempre più intensi fenomeni di ondate di calore estive e di surriscaldamento rispetto alle aree verdi circostanti (fenomeno dell’Isola di Calore Urbana, UHI). Nei decenni futuri, con il progressivo innalzamento della temperatura media del globo, sarà quindi necessario un crescente impegno per la progettazione di strategie di mitigazione e adattamento in grado di rendere le città più vivibili e resilienti ai cambiamenti climatici in atto. A questo proposito, la modellazione del clima urbano è un tema di ricerca in crescente sviluppo. Diversi modelli sono stati realizzati, implementati in strumenti di calcolo e sempre più ampliamente utilizzati come metodi predittivi del microclima urbano o come veri e propri strumenti decisionali per valutare l’impatto di alternative progettuali. Il presente studio intende contribuire all’avanzamento della ricerca, presentando un codice di calcolo sviluppato dagli autori che, accoppiato al software Urban Weather Generator, consente di realizzare analisi di incertezza e sensibilità sui risultati. Per dimostrarne le potenzialità, ne viene presentata l’applicazione su tre casi studio, ovvero porzioni urbane delle città di Roma, Barcellona e Vienna, in cui vengono confrontate diverse strategie di mitigazione del fenomeno UHI. I risultati evidenziano come il calore antropogenico originato dagli impianti di raffrescamento risulti essere il parametro con maggiore influenza sull’UHI nei casi studio investigati, mentre l’incremento dell’albedo dei materiali costruttivi non si rivela sempre una strategia di mitigazione efficace. I risultati sottolineano la necessità, per progettisti e decisori, di valutare gli effetti delle strategie di mitigazione della UHI in relazione alle specificità di ogni area urbana, e non di adottare soluzioni standard. A tal fine, lo strumento di analisi di incertezza e sensibilità sviluppato, si rivela efficace e con limitati oneri computazionali.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292217 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
COVID-19 impact on end-user's maintenance requests. A text mining approach
3RD BUILDING AND MANAGEMENT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; Bernardini, Gabriele; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: COVID-19 pandemic changed our way of working, limiting the usual physical attendance of working spaces. Despite the drastic reduction in the number of daily users due to the pandemic restrictions, working buildings were often kept open to provide services to internal and external users. Pandemic obliged to change operation and maintenance (O&M) plans, due to the increase of ventilation requirements and the reduction of other types of services, with a strong impact on cost and management. Now the pandemic is reducing its effects and is time to question the future asset of buildings’ O&M plans, based on the pandemic lesson. Data collected by Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) during COVID-19 then become an important source of understanding the future management of working places. End-users’ maintenance requests are usually expressed by natural language, then a text mining approach can be a useful tool to discover hidden knowledge from unstructured data stored in CMMS. This study applies text mining methods, including sentiment analysis, to the field of building maintenance, with the scope to evaluate how COVID-19 changed some aspects of the facility management process, including users’ perception.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/294451 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Proprietà termiche della muratura e dei suoi componenti: l’aggiornamento della UNI EN 1745
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: Maracchini, Gianluca; Giuseppe, Di
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: La norma fornisce metodi per la determinazione dei valori di conduttività e resistenza termica, a secco e di progetto, di murature, materiali ed elementi per muratura. La principale novità della nuova versione risiede nell’inserimento di un metodo semplificato per la determinazione dei valori termici di elementi riempiti con materiale isolante
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290615 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Valutazione sperimentale dell’efficacia della Realtà Virtuale come strumento di analisi del benessere di individui in ambienti lavorativi: effetti del colore su produttività e comfort
Design and construction - Tradition and innovation in the practice of architecture. Progetto e Costruzione - Tradizione ed innovazione nella pratica dell’architettura
Autore/i: Latini, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.; DI PERNA, C.
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Ogni scelta progettuale ha un impatto sul benessere degli occupanti all’interno degli edifici. Tuttavia, comprendere l’impatto delle possibili soluzioni di design rischia di essere oneroso a causa delle risorse, in termini di tempi e costi, necessarie per creare modelli fisici di valutazione del benessere che, oltretutto, forniscono solo correlazioni generali e non specifiche per i singoli casi di studio. Un passo in avanti a riguardo è stato intrapreso con l’introduzione di ambienti virtuali nei processi di progettazione, in grado di orientare le scelte di design, agevolare alternative e modifiche in tempo reale. L’applicazione di ambienti virtuali immersivi (Immersive Virtual Environment, IVE) a supporto della progettazione e dello studio dell’ergonomia si presenta ancora come un settore poco esplorato. Per questo, l’obiettivo del presente studio è quello di valutare l’efficacia della realtà virtuale (Virtual Reality, VR) come strumento per sostituire le prove fisiche di laboratorio nell’ambito dello Human Factors/Ergoomics (HFE). In particolare, la VR è stata utilizzata per valutare l’impatto del colore di ambienti di lavoro sulla produttività e sul comfort termico e visivo degli occupanti, anche a confronto con prove in ambiente reale. L’attività sperimentale ha coinvolto 23 partecipanti, e le prove si sono svolte in inverno, in ambiente reale e virtuale, in due condizioni climatiche ambientali (17°C e 22°C) e variando il colore delle pareti dell’ambiente ufficio (rosso, bianco e blu). Ai soggetti è stato chiesto di svolgere un compito di produttività e valutare il proprio comfort termico e visivo tramite dei questionari. I risultati di questo studio sperimentale hanno rivelato che l’ambiente virtuale è uno strumento promettente per studiare performance e benessere degli occupanti sebbene siano necessari ulteriori approfondimenti.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/292216 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Ridurre la sopravvalutazione dei rischi associati a investimenti per l’efficientamento energetico: un approccio “probabilistico” a valutazioni dei costi nel ciclo di vita degli edifici
Progettare, costruire, conservare l’Architettura
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.
Editore: Rubettino Editore
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290595 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
From cost-optimal to nearly Zero Energy Buildings’ renovation: Life Cycle Cost comparisons under alternative macroeconomic scenarios
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
Autore/i: Baldoni, E.; Coderoni, S.; D'Orazio, M.; Di Giuseppe, E.; Esposti, R.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Policies and financial framework aiming to encourage energy efficient building renovations should contribute to “fill” the existing investment gap between Cost-Optimal (CO) solutions, that are more economically convenient, and nearly Zero Energy (nZE) solutions, which have the lower energy consumption, in order to make more convenient to the investors to choose the more energy efficient options. This investment gap depends on the long-term expected value and volatility of several interdependent macroeconomic variables. However, standardized LCC methods used for CO assessments disregard the long-term uncertainty and interdependence affecting these variables and, consequently, misrepresent the impact of the associated risk on the economic convenience. The present work aims to model alternative macro-economic scenarios where to carry out a “stochastic” LCC of predetermined building renovation solutions, in order to provide a useful and effective decision tool for building LCC, and especially to evaluate whether and how much the future macro-economic scenario could influence the investment gap between a CO and a nZE refurbishment solution. At this aim, we estimated the Vector AutoRegressive (VAR) models of four alternative macro-economic scenarios, ranging from a “regular growth” case to more extreme conditions as experienced by major western economies in the last decades, based on real data, i.e. observed time series. The scenarios modelling and its relation to the stochastic LCC is the main result and novelty of the work compared to the conventional approach adopted in most of the literature and suggested by international regulations and standards. The method is illustrated through a case study, which demonstrates the potential of the developed methodology in providing interesting and informative results on the nature of the investment gap between CO and nZE solutions, that the policy should contribute to fill in order to address the environmental challenge in the building sector, and on how much this gap may vary depending on the volatility of the macro-economic context. The novelty of the work mainly lies on the possibility to highlight in which specific macroeconomic conditions the convenience of taking an investment decision under risk-aversion may be jeopardised (augmented), thus requiring a stronger (weaker) compensating public support.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/287602 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Occupants’ Behavioral Analysis for the Optimization of Building Operation and Maintenance: A Case Study to Improve the Use of Elevators in a University Building
Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies
Autore/i: Bernardini, G.; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.; Quagliarini, E.
Editore: Springer, Singapore
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The impact of the users’ behavior on the building performance is largely recognized, especially considering most of common building operation and management (O&M) tasks. Predictions of human-building interactions are essential to improve building efficiency by decreasing wastes and costs connected to O&M while satisfying the comfort level required by the occupants. At this regard, building technological systems, which status depends on the users’ movement inside the buildings, like elevators, represent one of the critical spots, especially in high-density buildings. According to a “user-centered” approach, this paper moves toward the assessment of behavioral drivers which can influence the use of elevators in public buildings to define a probability use model useful to set specific maintenance policies. In situ evaluations are performed in a university building, where flows of people are highly dependent on the indoor activities scheduled, as lessons. A multinomial logit model for the probability of elevators’ use is built depending on factors such as: floors number, movement in group, direction (upwards, downwards). Users’ fruition patterns in the university building are detected using eye-tracking techniques and questionnaires. Results show how the elevators’ use probability increases when the number of floors to cross increases, also because of perceived movement comfort, while individuals’ attention is mainly affected by posters and signage systems placed along the way. The model could be implemented in building simulation models, to predict the elevators use during the time under different circumstances, hence to optimize related O&M measures.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/286248 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
A Software Tool for a Stochastic Life Cycle Assessment and Costing of Buildings’ Energy Efficiency Measures
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Baldoni, Edoardo; Coderoni, Silvia; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Esposti, Roberto; Maracchini, Gianluca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This article presents a novel software tool for the assessments of life-cycle environmental impacts and costs, which is aimed to support decision-making in the design phase of retrofit interventions in the building sector. By combining Life Cycle Costing (LCC) and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) calculations and functionalities, this tool allows evaluating the long-term trade-offs between economic and environmental performance of investment projects in energy efficiency for buildings, while accounting for uncertainties in input parameters and economic scenarios. A major novelty of the software tool is the stochastic nature of both the LCC and LCA dimensions. The LCA is implemented with Monte-Carlo methods, while the LCC accounts for the probabilistic interdependence of macroeconomic variables over time. The software also includes advanced specific tools for parametrization and sensitivity analysis. Exemplary applications are presented in order to illustrate the novelty and the functionalities of the software tool.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/291436 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Exploring the use of immersive virtual reality to assess occupants’ productivity and comfort in workplaces: An experimental study on the role of walls colour
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: Latini, A.; Di Giuseppe, E.; D'Orazio, M.; Di Perna, C.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Virtual Reality application in holistic investigations for energy and cost-saving building design, aimed at humans’ well-being and performance, is still emerging and needs validation. In this study, tests in real and virtual scenarios of an office room were performed, investigating the impact of three walls colours (red, white, blue) and two indoor air temperatures (17–22 °C) on 23 participants’ work productivity (through a proofreading task) and thermal and visual sensations (through surveys). The first goal was the comparison of the results obtained in the real and virtual settings; the second one the assessment of the effect of walls’ colour and temperature levels on the mentioned variables in each environment. Statistical analyses were then performed “between groups” (Wilcoxon and t-tests, among datasets of the two environments) and “within groups” (ANOVA and Scheirer test, within each environment). The study revealed no statistically significant variations in productivity and sensation votes, thus supporting the suitability of VR as a proper research technology in this domain. The study also demonstrated no statistically significant effects of colour and temperature on productivity and comfort results within the tested settings. Future investigations should involve a wider range of temperatures and colours and address a wider subjects’ sample.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/296341 Collegamento a IRIS

2021
Numerical modelling and experimental validation of the microclimatic impacts of water mist cooling in urban areas
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E.; Ulpiani, G.; Cancellieri, C.; Di Perna, C.; D'Orazio, M.; Zinzi, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Among water-based mitigation strategies against urban overheating, dry mist systems are especially promising, given their local impact, cost-effectiveness and controllability. Intense cooling capacity has been reported under a variety of climates, however, there is a growing need to define specific design guidelines towards an informed and optimized use of the technology. Parametric analysis on validated models would assist in determining type and degree of correlation between key parameters, as well as magnitude and predictability of the cooling capacity. In this paper, for the first time, a 3D microclimatic model in ENVI-met is used to simulate a misting system installed in Rome, Italy, with high prediction accuracy for the air temperature (R2≃0.87, RMSE≃0.84 °C). The calibrated ENVI-met model is used then to perform parameterizations on the water mist system, focused on the role of three key design variables: i) water flow rate, ii) injection height and iii) local wind speed. Results show that the most significant thermal drops tend to occur close but out of the misted perimeter following the wind direction, with cooling effects further stretched for tens of meters. The cooling capacity increases with the total water flow rate (+0.2 °C per 10 l/h increment) and in presence of calm air (+35–40% per 0.8 m/s deceleration). Lower injections intensify the cooling a pedestrian height, which could be especially beneficial under windy conditions. Further research would target climate dependencies to extend the applicability of the above results and build up cohesive guidelines at the hands of urban planners and practitioners.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/286247 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Towards a user-centered framework to support proactive Building Operation and Maintenance: preliminary results of a communication platform between users and stakeholders
TEMA
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Users’ needs and behaviors can alter the building efficiency, thus leading to significant efforts to support Building Operation & Maintenance (O&M) tasks. This work develops the preliminary concepts of a framework for O&M including users’monitoring and engagement strategies. In the context of a complex university building, we developed and tested a users-stakeholders communication platform including a web-based application to report and check failures and damages to building’s components and devices.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/283650 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Il progetto LIFE SUPERHERO sulle coperture in laterizio ventilate e traspiranti
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Bonvicini, Giuliana; Chiara Bignozzi, Maria; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: As a consequence of Climate Change, during last 15 years the frequency and intensity of heatwaves increased in all EU. Many EU cities are already working on climate mitigation strategies, while renovation of existing buildings and design of new ones has a great urban adaptation potential against “heat” challenge. LIFE SUPERHERO aims to diffuse the use of the HEROTILE-based roof (“HBR”), a new building roof concept developed during a previous LIFE HEROTILE project, as a sustainable passive cooling technology by: (1) overcoming the existing legislative barriers; (2) demonstrating the impact of HBR use on occupants’ “green” behaviours; (3) providing a tool to assess HBR environmental and economic benefits. LIFE SUPERHERO promotes a synergy between climate adaptation and mitigation: the HBR allows to increase buildings thermal comfort (adaptation), while entailing a reduction of cooling energy and greenhouse gases(mitigation). To reach these goals a strong consortium has been set, including roof tiles Producers, Associations, Municipalities and Research centres working together to i) improve buildings environmental protocols considering HBR benefits; ii) monitor three buildings demonstrators where the impact of HBR on occupants’ behaviour will be shown; iii) entail the development of a free software for life cycle assessment, to facilitate the implementation of climate change adaptation strategies at local level.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/284419 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Prestazioni e sostenibilità di coperture in laterizio ventilate: il progetto LIFE SUPERHERO
INGENIO
Autore/i: Latini, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; Bonvicini, G.; D’Orazio, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/308842 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Approcci probabilistici alla valutazione dei costi globali di interventi di miglioramento sismico di edifici
New Horizons for Sustainable Architecture - Nuovi orizzonti per l’architettura sostenibile
Autore/i: Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; Stazi, F.; D’Orazio, M.
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Il patrimonio edilizio europeo risulta costituito per più del 40% da edifici costruiti prima degli anni ‘60, i quali comportano elevati costi di gestione ordinaria, energetici e manutentivi, nonché il rischio di subire danni considerevoli in occasione di eventi sismici. Al fine di consentire una transizione efficace verso una società più sostenibile e resiliente, risulta di fondamentale importanza promuovere politiche congiunte di riduzione del rischio sismico e del consumo di energia, nonché disporre di strumenti decisionali adeguati per la definizione della strategia di intervento più sostenibile sotto un profilo economico, ambientale e sociale. Negli ultimi decenni, le analisi dei costi nel ciclo di vita (LCC) sono diventate un valido strumento decisionale nel settore edilizio. Nel campo della riqualificazione strutturale, sono oggi disponibili diversi approcci LCC rivolti alla pratica professionale per il calcolo delle perdite economiche causate da eventi sismici, utili alla definizione degli incentivi economici per gli interventi di miglioramento. Tali approcci, tuttavia, risultano basati su notevoli semplificazioni oltre a non tenere conto dell’incertezza legata all’occorrenza temporale dei terremoti. A partire da un approccio “probabilistico” precedentemente sviluppato, questo studio valuta tramite un caso di studio la convenienza economica di interventi di miglioramento sismico alternativi, con l’obbiettivo di: confrontare le diverse metodologie di calcolo dei costi rivolte ai professionisti nel contesto italiano; valutare l’incidenza delle incertezze sull’occorrenza temporale di eventi sismici sul calcolo dei costi globali; determinare l’intervento strutturale ottimale in termini di convenienza economica e salvaguardia della vita. Il presente lavoro costituisce la fase iniziale di una più ampia ricerca volta alla valutazione dell’incidenza in analisi LCC di interventi di miglioramento sismico di incertezze legate a scenari sismici e macroeconomici futuri.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/286249 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Towards a User-Centered and Condition-Based Approach in Building Operation and Maintenance
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Ensuring a sustainable performance to buildings is a key topic that cannot overlook occupancy conditions and users’ behavior. In fact, individuals’ actions (man-man and man-built environment interactions) highly affect the overall building efficiency as well as the possibility to ensure the designed level of performance. Such occupancy issues are connected not only to energy consumptions but also to other common building and facility Operation and Management (O&M) tasks, especially in relation to building components and technological systems maintenance (e.g., elevators, doors, flooring, devices, etc.) and building use (e.g., cleaning, visitors’ flows, room occupancy, etc.). Monitoring and understanding users’ behavioral patterns and their effect on building components through smart and integrated cognitive systems can optimize predictive and corrective actions, by linking a “user-centered” to a “condition-based” approach. This paper critically reviews results from previous works on conditioned-based O&M and proposes improvements to the approach, based on a user-centered point of view. A general framework is proposed by combining monitoring tasks (spaces use, occupants’ actions, and flows) with occupants’ awareness/engagement, through management and communication platforms. Framework data can be used to derive occupancy profiles (including models of interactions with building devices) and inputs for condition-based analyses, in order to allow designers and Building and Facilities managers to improve actions planning.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271399 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Internal Insulation of Historic Buildings: A Stochastic Approach to Life Cycle Costing Within RIBuild EU Project
Sustainability in Energy and Buildings
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Maracchini, Gianluca; Gianangeli, Andrea; Bernardini, Gabriele; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The application of internal insulation is a widespread and effective solution for energy renovation of historic buildings.However, it entails quite high installation costs and a certain risk of failure due to moisture-related problems. A probabilistic risk assessment of both hygrothermal performance and life cycle costs can be used to address internal insulation issue, in order to support riskmanagement and decisionmaking. This paper presents the application of a probabilistic approach to Life Cycle Costing developed within the EU project RIBuild (Robust Internal Thermal Insulation of Historic Buildings), to five internal insulations solutions widely used in Italy. The method provides estimates of the range and likelihood of global costs and payback periods, also considering alternative energy and future economic scenarios. The impact of insulation systems service life on global costs is also addressed, in order to highlight the possible connection of the method to a stochastic estimation of insulation systems durability based on hygrothermal and damage assessments.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271390 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
A Stochastic Approach to LCA of Internal Insulation Solutions for Historic Buildings
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Du, Guangli; Favi, Claudio; Lasvaux, Sébastien; Maracchini, Gianluca; Padey, Pierryves
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Internal insulation is a typical renovation solution in historic buildings with valuable façades. However, it entails moisture-related risks, which affect the durability and life-cycle environmental performance. In this context, the EU project RIBuild developed a risk assessment method for both hygrothermal and life-cycle performance of internal insulation, to support decision-making. This paper presents the stochastic Life Cycle Assessment method developed, which couples the LCA model to a Monte-Carlo simulation, providing results expressed by probability distributions. It is applied to five insulation solutions, considering different uncertain input parameters and building heating scenarios. In addition, the influence of data variability and quality on the result is analyzed, by using input data from two sources: distributions derived from a generic Life Cycle Inventory database and “deterministic” data from Environmental Product Declarations. The outcomes highlight remarkable differences between the two datasets that lead to substantial variations on the systems performance ranking at the production stage. Looking at the life-cycle impact, the general trend of the output distributions is quite similar among simulation groups and insulation systems. Hence, while a ranking of the solutions based on a “deterministic” approach provides misleading information, the stochastic approach provides more realistic results in the context of decision-making.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/274994 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Effect of tree cover and tree species on microclimate and pedestrian comfort in a residential district in Iran
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Teshnehdel, S.; Akbari, H.; Di Giuseppe, E.; Brown, R. D.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: According to the challenge of global warming, trees play an effective role in reducing heat islands and improving thermal comfort. In this study, the impact of urban greening on microclimate and pedestrian comfort is studied using ENVI met v4 for a residential district in Tabriz, Iran. In-situ measurements of air temperature and relative humidity have been preliminary performed on ten points in the studied site and collected data used to successfully validate the model. Four scenarios with different trees species and patterns were simulated during typical summer and winter days, to assess benefits and disadvantages during different seasons, in terms of air temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH), mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) and physiologically equivalent temperature (PET). Result showed that the best scenario provides great summer cooling without compromising winter comfort. In summer Ta and Tmrt are decreased by respectively 0.29 °C and 20.04 °C; while in winter, they reach respectively 6.92 °C and 13.22 °C, compared the reference scenario characterised by 6.28 °C (Ta) and 23.47 °C (Tmrt). These results in a summer PET improvement from 34.92 °C to 26.16 °C, thus moving from an original hot thermal sensation to a slightly warm one. Based on the outcomes of the study, it is possible to provide useful design recommendation for urban adaptation plans.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/285007 Collegamento a IRIS

2020
Hydropower Generation Through Pump as Turbine: Experimental Study and Potential Application to Small-Scale WDN
WATER
Autore/i: Postacchini, Matteo; Darvini, Giovanna; Finizio, Fiorenza; Pelagalli, Leonardo; Soldini, Luciano; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Pump-As-Turbine (PAT) technology is a smart solution to produce energy in a sustainable way at small scale, e.g., through its exploitation in classical Water Distribution Networks (WDNs). PAT application may actually represent a suitable solution to obtain both pressure regulation and electrical energy production. This technology enables one to significantly reduce both design and maintenance costs if compared to traditional turbine applications. In this work, the potential hydropower generation was evaluated through laboratory tests focused on the characterization of a pump working in reverse mode, i.e., as a PAT. Both hydrodynamic (pressure and discharge) and mechanical (rotational speed and torque) conditions were varied during the tests, with the aim to identify the most efficient PAT configurations and provide useful hints for possible real-world applications. The experimental findings confirm the good performances of the PAT system, especially when rotational speed and water demand are, respectively, larger than 850 rpm and 8 L/s, thus leading to efficiencies greater than 50%. Such findings were applied to a small municipality, where daily distribution of pressure and discharge were recorded upstream of the local WDN, where a Pressure Reducing Valve (PRV) is installed. Under the hypothesis of PRV replacement with the tested PAT, three different scenarios were studied, based on the mean recorded water demand and each characterized by specific values of PAT rotational speed. The best performances were observed for the largest tested speeds (1050 and 1250 rpm), which lead to pressure drops smaller than those actually due to the PRV, thus guaranteeing the minimum pressure for users, but also to mechanical powers smaller than 100 W. When a larger mean water demand is assumed, much better performances are reached, especially for large speeds (1250 rpm) that lead to mechanical powers larger than 1 kW combined to head drops a bit larger than those observed using the PRV. A suitable design is thus fundamental for the real-world PAT application.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/275984 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
An experimental investigation on micro-hydropower generation
XXIV Congresso AIMETA - Book of Abstracts
Autore/i: Finizio, F.; Pelagalli, L.; Darvini, G.; Soldini, L.; DI GIOVINE, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; Postacchini, M.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/293803 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Risks and benefits of internal insulation as a measure for historic buildings energy renovation
Small Towns…from problem to resource. Sustainable strategies for the valorization of building, landscape and cultural heritage in inland areas
Autore/i: Gianangeli, A.; Maracchini, G.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M
Editore: Franco Angeli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: European historic buildings account for more than a third of the total energy consumption of buildings. Therefore, it is vital to reduce their energy demand, while maintaining their architectural and cultural heritage. Installing internal insulation is an effective measure, however it entails a certain risk of failure due to possible hygrothermal damages. Furthermore, several insulation systems are available in the market, thus building owners and practitioners need knowledge on how to handle internal insulation in an effective way. This paper reports the outcomes of an extended monitoring of the hygrothermal performance of two insulation systems (on “capillary active”, the other “vapour tight”) installed in a real historic building. Results highlights how the hygrothermal behaviour and the built-in moisture due to the installation operations can critically affect the energy performance of the wall, thus providing suggestions for the planning phase of a historic building renovation.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/278526 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Riflettanza equivalente e comfort termico interno valutazione dei benefici energetici di soluzioni tecnologiche per coperture di edifici
LIT, LATERIZI D'ITALIA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.; Cozzolino, Nicola; Allen, R.; DI FUSCO, A.; D’Anna, G.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/269904 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Assessment of Cardboard as an Environment-Friendly Wall Thermal Insulation for Low-Energy Prefabricated Buildings
Sustainable Building for a Cleaner Environment
Autore/i: Salavatian, Seyedehmamak; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Exterior walls play a significant role in buildings thermal behaviour, and utilization of proper insulation materials with high thermal performance and low adverse environmental impacts is of great importance. The main aim of this study is to assess thermal and environmental benefits and drawbacks of honeycomb cardboard application in external wall configuration of prefabricated buildings. Its thermal conductivity was measured by guarded hot plate method, and its steady-state as well as periodic thermal transmittances were obtained. Furthermore, main construction junctions were simulated, and their linear thermal transmittance was studied. Secondly, with a life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, the adverse impacts of cardboard on environment in production phase and within a limited impact category set were studied. Additionally, the same procedures of thermal and environmental assessments were performed on a number of functionally equivalent insulation materials to be compared with cardboard. The results demonstrate an overall image of positive and negative consequences of cardboard application as insulation for wall envelopes.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/259336 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Verso il controllo e la gestione della manutenzione negli edifici secondo un approccio “user-centered” e “condition-based”
Colloqui.AT.e 2019 Ingegno e costruzione nell’epoca della complessità – Forma urbana e individualità architettonica
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Bernardini, Gabriele; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Edizioni Politecnico di Torino
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/270000 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Riflettanza “equivalente” di coperture in laterizio. Valutazione dei benefici sul raffrescamento degli edifici e sull'isola di calore urbana
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; Cozzolino, N.; Allen, R.; DI FUSCO, A.; D’Anna, G.
Editore: Laterservice Edizioni
Classificazione: 3 Libro
Abstract: Il D.M 26.06.2015 “Requisiti Minimi” impone al progettista di valutare l’efficacia, in termini di rapporto costi-benefici, di soluzioni tecnologiche per le coperture degli edifici, al fine di limitare i fabbisogni energetici per la climatizzazione estiva ed il surriscaldamento a scala urbana. Di fronte ad un’ampia varietà di tecnologie costruttive, il progettista rischia di trovarsi disorientato e di privilegiare la scelta di materiali per il manto ad elevata riflettenza solare piuttosto che valutare strategie alternative, sostenibili e durevoli che sfruttano la climatizzazione passiva, come la ventilazione; soluzioni entrambe indicate dal legislatore. Il presente manuale, risultato di una attività di ricerca condotta dall’ANDIL, dal DICEA dell’Università Politecnica delle Marche e dal BMI Technical Centre, presenta due metodi di calcolo complementari della “Riflettanza Equivalente” di coperture a falde, ottenibile grazie a diverse soluzioni progettuali, quali un corretto bilanciamento tra isolamento termico e massa inerziale, l’inserimento di membrane riflettenti sotto il manto e la presenza di uno strato di ventilazione/traspirazione sotto e attraverso le tegole. Tali metodi, e i valori di Riflettanza Equivalente ottenuti per diverse tipologie di copertura, possono essere utilizzati dal progettista come parte integrante e conforme alla valutazione richiesta nel D.M. Ministerial Decree 26.06.2015 "Minimum Requirements" requires the designer to evaluate how effective a roof construction will be in limiting summer cooling energy requirements and the Urban Heat Island effect. The legislation specifically mentions reflectivity as one option when promoting all passive cooling solutions. Therefore it would be easy for the designer, when faced with a wide variety of construction technologies, to believe that their only choice was materials with high Total Solar Reflectance rather than evaluating alternative sustainable and durable strategies. This manual, resulting from research activities by ANDIL, DICEA of the Università Politecnica delle Marche and BMI Technical Centre, presents two complementary calculation methods for the "Equivalent Reflectance" of roofs; highlighting the benefits provided by solutions such as: a correct balance between thermal insulation and inertial mass, using reflective membranes below the tiles and ventilation beneath and through the tiles. These methods, and the Equivalent Reflectance values obtained for different roof types, can be used by the designer as an integral and compliant part of the evaluation required in the legislation.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263184 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Risks and benefits of internal insulation as a measure for historic buildings energy renovation
Small Towns…from problem to resource. Sustainable strategies for the valorization of building, landscape and cultural heritage in inland areas
Autore/i: Gianangeli, Andrea; Maracchini, Gianluca; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco
Editore: Cooperativa Universitaria Athena
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/270483 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Design optimization of mist cooling for Urban Heat Island mitigation: Experimental study on the role of injection density
IOP CONFERENCE SERIES. EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
Autore/i: Ulpiani, G.; Di Giuseppe, E.; Di Perna, C.; D'Orazio, M.; Zinzi, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Climate change, heat waves and weather extremes unveil the need to counteract excess heat and its dramatic consequences on energy, economy, outdoor liveability and, above all, health. In the urban context, further concern arises from the concerted action of cities’ materials, fabric, layout, density and activities, which are responsible of heat and pollutants entrapment, of wind force breaking and sweltering microclimates. Ready-to-use, high-impact, smart, cost and energy-effective countermeasures are the only ones having chances to be widely implemented in the short haul. Against this backdrop, this work presents the results obtained from an experimental campaign conducted on a single mitigation technology, meant to reach high local temperature reductions and empowered with climate-adaptive features to be applicable close to any vulnerable target (e.g. schools, hospitals, hospices …): a web of smartly controlled mist sprayers. A prototype was designed and its impacts on the local microclimate were thoroughly characterized. Notably, the nozzle density was investigated to delineate the tradeoffs between evaporative cooling global magnitude and spatial dilution: in fact, by rarefying water emission, a larger air volume can partake to the cooling as it gets harder to reach saturation; conversely the point spatial temperature drop might weaken and become negligible, jeopardizing the whole mitigation strategy. This paper discloses such a controversial point and provides guidelines for the correct design of mist cooling systems for Urban Heat Island counteraction.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271400 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Sustainable Engineering for Resilient Built and Natural Environments
The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”
Autore/i: Alici, Antonello; Bocci, Maurizio; Bonvini, Paolo; Brocchini, Maurizio; Calamai, Alessandro; Canestrari, Francesco; Capozucca, Roberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Carbonari, Sandro; Cardone, Fabrizio; Clementi, Francesco; Clini, Paolo; Cocchi, Giammichele; Corvaro, Sara; Darvini, Giovanna; Davì, Fabrizio; Dezi, Luigino; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Ferretti, Maddalena; Ferrotti, Gilda; Gara, Fabrizio; Giretti, Alberto; Graziani, Andrea; Lancioni, Giovanni; Lemma, Massimo; Lenci, Stefano; Lorenzoni, Carlo; Malinverni, Eva Savina; Mancinelli, Alessandro; Mariano, Fabio; Mentrasti, Lando; Mondaini, Gianluigi; Montecchiari, Piero; Munafò, Placido; Naticchia, Berardo; Postacchini, Matteo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Quattrini, Ramona; Ragni, Laura; Serpilli, Michele; Soldini, Luciano; Virgili, Amedeo; Zampini, Giovanni
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/272866 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Rethinking Buildings Design, Construction and Management Through Sustainable Technologies and Digitization
The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Giretti, Alberto; Lemma, Massimo; Munafò, Placido; Naticchia, Berardo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Stazi, Francesca; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/272867 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
A parametric building design tool for assessing energy savings and life cycle costs
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. ENGINEERING SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: An important part of building design and renovation is the need to select solutions using multiple criteria, including energy savings and life cycle economic impact. The difficulty lies in evaluating a large number of possible design solutions and/or their combinations, as well as having to calculate their performance and costs. The work reported in this paper proposes an assessment tool combining energy simulation software with Visual Basic Application for parametric building simulation and life cycle cost calculation. It aims to provide designers with a useful way of comparing the affordability of energy efficiency measures with low computational costs. A probabilistic approach is also suggested for global cost calculation based on Monte Carlo methods. The tool is applied to an existing building for which several alternative retrofit solutions had been designed. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the tool in providing realistic and useful results for designers and building owners.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/258068 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Thermal comfort improvement in urban spaces with water spray systems: Field measurements and survey
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
Autore/i: Ulpiani, Giulia; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Di Perna, Costanzo; D'Orazio, Marco; Zinzi, Michele
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: An experimental study was conducted to improve the comfort and liveability of urban open spaces during the hottest months of the summer by implementing an overhead water mist cooling system. The campaign was conducted in two different Italian urbanscapes (Ancona and Rome, representative of Cfa and Csa climates) one after the other. Monitoring data and comfort questionnaires were combined to extract useful information by means of statistical tests, regressions and data mining algorithms and, ultimately, to delineate design and operating guidelines to maximize people's satisfaction with the misted environment. The cloud of droplets reduced the temperature and the UTCI by 8.2 °C and 7.9 °C respectively, against a 7% mean humidity premium. The vertical cooling and humidification profiles obeyed a Lorentzian distribution, peaking within approximately 0.5 m of the injection. The severe overheating experienced outside of the cooled areas evanished under the spray, with 67% (Ancona) to 90.6% (Rome) of respondents reporting only slight bending from thermal neutrality. Perception and preferences towards solar radiation, humidity level and wind all improved within the droplets mist. In terms of comfort-oriented, optimized design criteria, the system proved to work best with a dominant and steady light breeze (1–2 m/s), in highly irradiated sites and suspended at 1.2–1.5 m above the average height of users.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/265086 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Hourly dynamic and monthly semi-stationary calculation methods applied to nZEBs: Impacts on energy and comfort
IOP CONFERENCE SERIES: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E; Ulpiani, G; Summa, S; Tarabelli, Luca; Di Perna, C; D’Orazio, M
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The EU Directive 2010/31 abstained from prescribing harmonized and strict requirements for nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEBs), to provide EU countries flexibility and room for maneuver in setting national targets, in view of the impact of local climatic conditions and specific territorial and socio-economical features on heating and cooling needs. Benchmarks are usually provided in terms of primary energy needs, however the definition of accurate calculation methodologies, notably as regards the cooling share, is a rather challenging task. Nonetheless, its accomplishment is cardinal to countries, like Mediterranean ones, were the building performance is mostly dictated by summertime sensitivities. This paper presents a cutting-edge approach to nZEB performance analysis: the monthly quasi steady-state (EN 13790 as implemented in Italian UNI/TS 11300) and hourly dynamic calculation methods (developed under the standard UNI EN ISO 52016-1:2018) are compared, with due attention to the cooling energy consumption, to spot pros and cons of a finer temporal discretization. Potential nZEB design alternatives in three different Italian climatic zones are contemplated and used to confront the effectiveness of the above procedures.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271401 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
The role of economic and policy variables in energy-efficient retrofitting assessment. A stochastic Life Cycle Costing methodology
ENERGY POLICY
Autore/i: Baldoni, Edoardo; Coderoni, Silvia; D'Orazio, Marco; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Esposti, Roberto
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Energy saving is a major policy objective worldwide and in the EU in particular. Evaluating the convenience of energy-efficient investments, however, is complex. This paper aims to apply stochastic Life Cycle Costing to assess the economic value of energy-efficient building retrofitting investments. The proposed approach investigates how macroeconomic variables affect such an evaluation by explicitly taking into account their interdependent stochastic nature. Consequently, the economic evaluation of an investment is itself stochastic thus expressing both its expected value and its inherent uncertainty and risk. On this basis, an illustrative case-study is presented, where alternative designs of the energy-saving intervention are compared and a sensitivity analysis performed to identify the determinants of the LCC outcome and of its variability. In terms of policy implications, a tool providing a sounder evaluation of the convenience of such investments can suggest when and to what extent incentives may be appropriate to facilitate these investments and what possible financial instruments could be put forward in order to reduce the associated risk.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/264544 Collegamento a IRIS

2019
Optical properties of traditional clay tiles for ventilated roofs and implication on roof thermal performance
JOURNAL OF BUILDING PHYSICS
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, Elisa; Sabbatini, Simona; Cozzolino, Nikita; Stipa, Pierluigi; D’Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: A remarkable advantage of clay tiles roof coverings in hot climates is the realization of a ventilated air layer between them and the roofing underlay that allows a natural and forced convection through the tiles joints and the channel from eaves to ridge, thus cooling the roof materials. However recently, in many countries, regulatory developments on buildings energy efficiency or buildings sustainability certification protocols are increasingly encouraging the use of alternative strategies, with the aim of reducing the urban heat island (UHI) effect and the buildings’ cooling consumptions. Among them, the use of ‘cool’ materials for roof covering. These mandatory or voluntary measures de facto push the construction products market towards specific directions, risking penalizing traditional components such as clay tiles. This article reports the results of experimental and numerical activities carried out in order to extensively characterize the optical properties of clay tile materials and investigate their impact, also coupled with above sheathing ventilation, on the thermal performance of a ventilated roof under warm-temperate climate. In the first phase of the research, the main optical properties of over 30 different clay products have been experimentally characterized in order to get a clear and extensive picture of such properties for the materials spread in the market. In a second phase, starting from the thermal data collected on an experimental real-scale building, a dynamic energy analysis tool was calibrated and used to perform simulations by varying the optical properties of the roof covering thus assessing the impact on the roof temperatures, also in comparison to a clay tiles roof. The results underline that the use of the above sheathing ventilation obtained through clay tiles is an effective strategy to reduce roof temperatures, even if covering materials are not qualified as ‘cool’, thus impacting on both UHI and indoor comfort.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/258693 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Riflettanza equivalente di coperture ventilate
LIT, LATERIZI D'ITALIA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Cozzolino, Nikita
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/256950 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Mould growth risk evaluation of internal insulation solutions in a historic building under temperate climates
SER4SC 2018 Seismic and Energy Renovation for Sustainable Cities - Conference Proceedings
Autore/i: Gianangeli, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/258794 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Strategie per nZEB “salutari”
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The use of super-insulated and airtight building envelope, by considerably reducing the transmission of heat, air and moisture fluxes, affects the internal environmental conditions not only from a thermal point of view but also from the hygrometric one, with an increased risk of finishing deterioration, mould formation and possible impact on the inhabitants’ health, if the interior conditions are not properly managed. It is therefore appropriate to reflect on the real requirements of a nearly Zero Energy Building in a warm and temperate climate like the Italian one, which is more and more moving towards extreme and unexpected climatic conditions, and to go beyond the now traditional concepts of nZEB spread elsewhere in Europe. This paper aims to provide a cue for reflection on the importance of reconciling the requirements of energy saving and emissions reduction with a proper indoor air quality in buildings and on assuming consistent and balanced design criteria for the realization of an envelope that is really able to control and mitigate the effects of the internal and external environmental conditions, taking into account the ways of use of the building and the occupants’ lifestyle.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/258762 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Una “riflettanza equivalente” per coperture ventilate in laterizio
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; DI PERNA, C.; Cozzolino, Nikita
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/264304 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Uncertainty impact on decisions related to historical buildings energy retrofit
ReUSO 2018 L’intreccio dei saperi per rispettare il passato interpretare il presente salvaguardare il futuro
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: GANGEMI editore International
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/261189 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
pH+ Architects – Pinnacle N10, Londra, Regno Unito
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/264305 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Existing buildings retrofit through multi-objective optimization: a case-study
TEMA
Autore/i: Di Giuseppe, E; Galdenzi, G; D'Orazio, M; Di Perna, C
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In the light of the regulations on buildings energy performance, the designers face the need to choose among alternative design solutions, having to assess their effectiveness according to several -sometimes conflicting- points of view, such as the energy saving, the indoor comfort, the environmental and economic impact. This paper reports the results of the application of genetic algorithms to solve this “multi-objective optimization problem” in a building retrofit intervention in Italy. The results, even if related to a single case-study, suggest the optimal efficiency measures, whose robustness was tested in different Italian climatic zones.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/262373 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Gestione digitale delle informazioni relative all’Efficienza Energetica e alla sostenibilità
Collana Edilstampa-Innovance
Autore/i: Aste, N.; DEL PERO, C.; Caputo, P.; Osello, A.; DEL GIUDICE, M.; LUPICA SPAGNOLO, S.; Lavagna, M.; DI FUSCO, A.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.
Editore: Edilstampa srl
Classificazione: 3 Libro
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/258795 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Efficientamento energetico di edifici: influenza della durata di vita dei componenti sulla valutazione costi-benefici / Buildings energy retrofit: components service life impact on the costs-benefits analysis
Edilizia Circolare, Colloqui.AT.e 2018
Autore/i: D'Orazio, M; Di Giuseppe, E
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/267852 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Building Retrofit Measures and Design: A Probabilistic Approach for LCA
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Favi, C.; DI GIUSEPPE, E.; D’Orazio, M.; Rossi, M.; Germani, M.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Green building design and architecture have become widespread tenets in the development of sustainable buildings. In this context, the use of sustainable materials and the awareness of resource/energy consumption are strategic aspects to consider for the improvement of building performances. This paper presents a new and structured approach to address uncertainty and sensitivity analysis in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to support the decision-making process in building renovation. This "probabilistic" approach to LCA allows for the obtaining of results expressed as ranges of environmental impacts and for alternative solutions, offering an idea of the meaning of input parameters' uncertainties and their influence on the result. The approach includes (i) the assessment of inputs' uncertainties (represented by Probability Density Functions-PDF); (ii) the data sampling; and (iii) the uncertainty propagation (Monte Carlo method). Variance decomposition techniques have been used to sample inputs' PDFs and assess their impact on the LCA result distribution (sensitivity analysis). The methodology application is illustrated through a case study where three building retrofit measures were assessed. Results provide an insight about the uncertainties of LCA indicators in terms of climate change and nonrenewable energy. The input parameters related to the use phase are confirmed as the most influential in building LCA.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/260817 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
A probabilistic tool for evaluating the effectiveness of financial measures to support the energy improvements of existing buildings
IOP CONFERENCE SERIES: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Autore/i: D’Orazio, M; Di Giuseppe, E; Esposti, R; Coderoni, S; Baldoni, E
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: LCC procedures are commonly used in building retrofit interventions for the evaluation of the costs and benefits of different solutions. LCC methods are also commonly applied to energy retrofit interventions according to UNI-EN 15459. However, these procedures can give significantly different results in relation to the methods used to define the economic and technical parameters used in the calculation. Several authors have highlighted how the uncertainties related to the quantification of the costs of initial investment and maintenance, the economic scenarios (inflation and interest rates), the costs of energy and labor and the "service life" of the components strongly influence the results and the assumption of different data sets can result in significantly different results. Several authors pointed out that it is necessary, prior to these procedures, to perform sensitivity analyzes, useful for understanding if and how each of these parameters can influence the results, which leads to the need to use probabilistic methods. The study reported here analyses the influence that different assumptions about the service life of building components have on the economic benefits brought by interventions of energy requalification. Specifically, through a specially developed probabilistic procedure, the influence on the global costs of different assumptions about the probability distributions and the specific parameters characterizing each of them related to the service life of components useful to realize the thermal insulation was evaluated. the envelope of existing buildings. In particular, four different probability distributions (normal, uniform, left triangular, right triangular), different values of the median have been taken into consideration for the same distribution amplitude and the global costs and the return time values have been evaluated. investment considering different alternative economic scenarios for inflation and interest rate.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/262372 Collegamento a IRIS

2018
Efficientamento energetico di edifici: influenza della durata di vita dei componenti sulla valutazione costi-benefici / Buildings energy retrofit: components service life impact on the costs-benefits analysis
Colloqui.AT.e 2018 EDILIZIA CIRCOLARE costruire nel terzo millenio
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: EdicomEdizioni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/316430 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Joly&Loiret – Polo per la danza e la musica, Versailles, Francia
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251564 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Marco Venturi, Paolo Bolner, Emanuele Ferrarese, n_Navarrini Architetti - Riqualificazione del centro storico, Rovigo, Italia
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/248128 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Riflettanza del manto e trasmittanza termica di coperture: influenza sul surriscaldamento urbano
COSTRUIRE IN LATERIZIO
Autore/i: D'Orazio, Marco; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: L’inibizione dei flussi termici entranti in edifici molto isolati determina un incremento delle temperature superficiali esterne. L’effetto combinato di trasmittanza e riflettanza di coperture è stato investigato in diversi contesti climatici italiani.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251566 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Colloqui.AT.e 2017 Demolition or reconstruction?
Autore/i: Bernardini, Gabriele; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 7 Curatele
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251263 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Influenza delle finiture sulle prestazioni moisture buffering di blocchi in calce e fibra di canapa
Colloqui.AT.e 2017 Demolition or reconstruction?
Autore/i: Gianangeli, Andrea; Gennari, Matteo; DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: Hempcrete, made with the woody core of hemp plant and a lime based binder, has an excellent hygroscopic performance, confirmed by a consolidated international literature that highlights the capacity of this bio-composite material to dampen the indoor relative humidity variations (moisture buffering capacity) (Collet, 2015; Rahim 2015). However, it is not possible to use hempcrete for building envelope without a finishing layer, due to aesthetic reasons. This study aims to evaluate how different finishing layers could influence the hygroscopic performance of hempcrete, by assessing the water vapor permeability and the moisture buffering capacity of samples finished by a rendering layer and three types of painting: two latex paints and an acrylic based paint. From experimental tests it was observed that the vapor permeability of hempcrete decreases up to 28,5% when finished by acrylic based paint - characterized by a high water vapor diffusion resistance factor - if compared to the unpainted sample. Experimental determination of moisture buffering values (MBV) in accordance with the Nordtest protocol demonstrates that the rendered hempcrete can reach a MBV value of 2,34 [g/m2∙%RH] (“excellent” MBV performance according to the Nordtest protocol). A surface painting could further reduce the moisture buffering capacity of hempcrete: up to 14,1% with high and medium permeable latex paints and up to 78,6% with acrylic based paint.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251266 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Riflettanza e Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) di manti per coperture in laterizio. Contesto normativo, modalità di caratterizzazione, efficacia
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; D'Orazio, Marco; DI PERNA, Costanzo; Frattesi, Alessandro; Gulino, Rosario
Editore: Laterservice Edizioni [Editore Gruppo Tecniche Nuove]
Classificazione: 3 Libro
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245268 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Ottimizzazione multi-obiettivo per l’efficientamento energetico di edifici in clima caldo e temperato
Colloqui.AT.e 2017 Demolition or reconstruction?
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Galdenzi, Gabriele; DI PERNA, Costanzo
Editore: Edicom Edizioni
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: In the light of the European and national regulations on the buildings energy performance, the designer comes up today against the need to choose among alternative technological solutions for the energy efficiency, having to assess their effectiveness according to several -sometimes conflicting- points of view, such as the energy saving, the indoor comfort, the environmental and economic impact. The problem of "multi-objective optimization", treated for centuries in different fields (e.g. through the Pareto efficiency approach), can be effectively addressed today to seek the optimum design solutions by varying several parameters through the use of stochastic algorithms, that explore the range of solutions with a probabilistic approach at a high computational efficiency. Several studies describe cases of multioptimization for buildings design, applying stochastic methodologies and in relation to multiple objective functions. However, few studies include the assessment of the economic aspects (life cycle costing) or the evaluation of thermal comfort and of cooling energy consumption in summer season, aspects that could lead to re-evaluate the convenience and effectiveness of applying outermost solutions to limit heating consumption in hot and temperate climates. This paper reports the results of the application of genetic algorithms -a class of stochastic algorithms- to solve a multiobjective optimization problem in a building energy retrofit intervention in warm and temperate climate. In particular, by means of the algorithm implemented in jEPlus + EA, integrated to the dynamic energy analysis software EnergyPlus, we looked at the design solutions able to simultaneously maximize the performance of the building in terms of energy consumption, indoor summer comfort and global costs in the life cycle. The results, even if related to a particular case-study, suggest the optimal efficiency measures, whose robustness was tested in different Italian climatic zones.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251265 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Internal insulation solutions for a historic building renovation: a probabilistic approach for the affordability assessment
TEMA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Iannaccone, Monica; Telloni, Martina; Quagliarini, Enrico; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This paper presents the application of a probabilistic LCC method for the assessment of the affordability of alternative internal insulation measures in a historic building. The work, based on a Monte-Carlo approach for uncertainty analysis, particularly focuses on the characterisation of the stochastic inputs of the assessment, related to the specific design options chosen, highlighting the main assumptions and data fitting procedures applied on available data. The probabilistic LCC application shows a great potential in providing realistic information about results uncertainties and enabling useful analysis of potential benefits of a design option.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/250004 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Numerical assessment of the impact of roof reflectivity and building envelope thermal transmittance on the UHI effect
ENERGY PROCEDIA
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Pergolini, Marianna; Stazi, Francesca
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Cool materials benefits for the mitigation of the urban microclimate overheating caused by Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect are well-established at international level. Since the need for building energy efficiency is more and more pushing towards highly insulated envelope, there is a growing need for studies that address the correlation between the optical properties of building coatings and the thermal transmittance of the envelope where they are applied, also assessing their mutual impact on the UHI. The present paper reports a study, carried out through a fluid-dynamic microclimate simulation software in an Italian urban context, aiming at understanding the impact of the combination of several roof covering optical properties and building envelope U-value levels on the UHI, given the recent nation threshold values for both. The outcomes of the simulations, performed in urban contexts with a typical morphology of Italian town centres and under different climatic conditions, highlight how the increase of the environment air temperatures is influenced by the combinations of the following factors: lower urban canyons, roof surfaces with low solar reflectivity and highly insulated envelopes. In fact, the high insulation levels, in response to current regulatory standards for the reduction of winter energy consumption, inhibit the ingoing thermal fluxes (thermal decoupling phenomenon) leading to an increase of the external surface temperatures and consequently heating up the surrounding area. In this regard, the adoption of reflective materials can be beneficial in attenuating the overheating. Simulation results demonstrate that these materials are able to mitigate the outdoor air temperature until 2°C, depending on specific building envelope configurations and geographical locations.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/251558 Collegamento a IRIS

2017
Probabilistic Life Cycle Cost analysis of building energy efficiency measures: selection and characterization of the stochastic inputs through a case study
PROCEDIA ENGINEERING
Autore/i: DI GIUSEPPE, Elisa; Massi, Andrea; D'Orazio, Marco
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In recent years, the boost to the realization of “nearly Zero Energy Buildings” (nZEB) could require so high investment costs which may be not justifiable with the reduced consumptions (and costs) during the use phase. So, even if the estimated potential saving of energy efficiency projects seems to be very high, investors are often discouraged by a high-risk perception, linked to difficulty in knowing the real costs of advanced and innovative technologies, assessing unforeseen costs, or taking into account the significant fluctuations in energy costs. Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) in buildings could be a useful estimation method, but a large set of input parameters and accurate predictions is required to achieve an effective assessment. Aim of this study is the selection and characterization of the stochastic inputs to be exploited in a probabilistic LCCA to find the cost-optimal energy efficiency measures. We developed a Monte-Carlo based methodology for uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis, which combines Global Costs calculation with Building Energy Simulation and we applied it to a building case study, representative of the typical Italian stock. We characterized the stochastic inputs typically involved in the Global Cost method (related to the initial Investment Costs, Annual Costs, Residual Values, and Discount Rates) and analyzed the impact of these parameters on the final results in different renovation scenarios. Results showed that the financial factors (inflation and discount rate) and the energy trend uncertainty are the most influential parameters. Nevertheless, pushing towards nZEB makes it increasingly important the accuracy of investment costs data.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/247043 Collegamento a IRIS




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