166 pubblicazioni classificate nel seguente modo:

A Holonic Construction Management System for the Efficient Implementation of Building Energy Renovation Actions
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Franco, Carlos; Spegni, Francesco; Vaccarini, Massimo; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/327411

Development of a BIM-based spatial conflict simulator for detecting dust hazards
2023 Proceedings of the 40th ISARC, Chennai, India
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Corneli, Alessandra; Romagnoli, Stefano; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In construction management, a spatial conflict between two activities is generally identified as the intersection between related workspaces. Such assumption works well for detecting the majority of conflicts. Nevertheless, in certain dynamic scenarios, a spatial interference between two activities may occur even if the related workspaces do not intersect each other. This study, being construction sites one of the major responsible for creating particulate matter (PM), focuses on spatial interferences related to dust hazard, still representing an open issue. In fact, although the correlation between PM concentration and health diseases dates back several decades, no study has addressed yet spatial interferences caused by PM-creating activities under the effect of meteorological and seasonal factors. In order to cover these gaps, this study proposes a BIM-based spatial conflict simulator that, framed within a workspace management framework, spatially checks future construction work plans according to atmospheric phenomena based on weather forecast data. The resulting prototype, developed within Unity3DTM and tested through sensitivity analysis, has been applied on a real construction site scenario. Experiments results has confirmed the possibility to virtually simulate construction activities and atmospheric phenomena in order to support project managers in adopting countermeasures against dust hazards.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/321151

Innovative tools for better use of knowledge in facility management for construction
Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference 2023
Autore/i: Durmus, Dilan; Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Turk, Žiga
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Successful operation and maintenance of buildings relies on facility management (FM). Effective implementation of FM practices still poses diverse challenges. Through a comprehensive literature review, this research examines the current state of facility management and identifies the key gaps and challenges faced in this field. The findings indicate that major challenges concern inadequate information infrastructure, a lack of standardized processes, poorly identified required data, bad information quality and insufficient training. Common to the listed challenges is a need for a better management of knowledge. In this context, the paper explores the possible tools for better utilization of knowledge in management processes including centralized information sharing, continuous learning and improvement, and effective use of technology. This contribution demonstrates that the future research should focus on optimizing stakeholder engagement, streamlining processes, and supporting knowledge, enhancing cognitive requirements, and the supporting technology to make better use of knowledge in the construction industry.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325631

Leveraging BIM and Mixed Reality to Actualize Lean Construction
Proceedings of the 31st Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction (IGLC31)
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Pirani, Massimiliano; Giretti, Alberto
Editore: International Group for Lean Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Lean construction is made of principles, measures and methods that aim at maximizing process efficiency. Several tools have been developed to minimize waste, maximize customer value, improve the conduction of processes, and pursue other sub-objectives in construction. This effort is becoming more and more important due to the rising construction project size and variety, displacement of resources in diverse geographic locations, high-performance pressure. This paper reports the development and on-site tests in a real-life demonstrator of two management tools, which apply some principles of lean construction management at the design and delivery phases. The first one takes advantage of the integration between BIM and mixed reality, having the final aim of improving collaboration and communication among the actors involved. The second one exploits BIM modelling and search algorithms within a process-based management platform, in order to facilitate short-cycle planning and distributed decision-making in the production process. Both tools have been tested in the case of a building renovation project. The results show that they can improve communication efficiency, reduce rework, speed up work monitoring, control and supervising in construction management, and that they can address several of Liker’s lean principles, as classified by the 4P model.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325635

APPLICATION OF DIMINISHED REALITY FOR CONSTRUCTION SITE SAFETY MANAGEMENT
Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality
Autore/i: Corneli, Alessandra; Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Spegni, Francesco
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325621

TRANSFORMING BUILDING INDUSTRY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT: A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS IN FIRE SAFETY PLANNING
Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Construction Applications of Virtual Reality
Autore/i: Ashkenazi, Ori; Isaac, Shabtai; Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Durmus, Dilan.
Editore: Università degli Studi di Firenze; Teesside university
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: This paper discusses the potential use of AI in general, and large language models (LLMs) in particular, to support knowledge management (KM) in the building industry. The application of conventional methods and tools for KM in the building industry is currently limited due to the large variability of buildings, and the industry’s fragmentation. Instead, relatively labor-intensive methods need to be employed to curate the knowledge gained in previous projects and make it accessible for use in future projects. The recent development of LLMs has the potential to develop new approaches to KM in the building industry. These may include querying a variety of relatively unstructured documents from previous projects and other textual sources of technical expertise, processing these data to create knowledge, identifying patterns, and storing knowledge for future use. A proposed framework is defined for the use of LLMs for KM in construction. We will perform preliminary analyses on how to train models that can generate information and knowledge required to make decisions in the development of specific tasks of fire safety planning.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325632

Procedures to control fire safety performances of buildings in a BIM environment
Proceedings of the 2023 European Conference on Computing in Construction and the 40th International CIB W78 Conference
Autore/i: Lemma, Massimo; Tarsi, Martina; Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: European Council on Computing in Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: During their lifecycle, buildings often require changes in use and layout. This scenario raises the need for continuous control of building performances in each phase. The transition from the traditional prescriptive method towards the performance-based approach would facilitate the management of building, thanks to the adoption of key performance indicators. KPIs can track building performances over their lifecycle. This paper showcases the application of such a procedure in the fire safety management. It includes the draft of a workflow and an information model to support that approach in a BIM environment, the integration of simulators, and the definition of KPIs.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325634

A model-based approach for building fire emergency management
Proceedings of the 2023 European Conference on Computing in Construction and the 40th International CIB W78 Conference
Autore/i: Mousharbash, Nabih; Di Domenica, Marta; Carbonari, Alessandro; Turk, Ziga; Giretti, Alberto.
Editore: European Council on Computing in Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: This paper focuses on a systematic analysis of the specifications and requirements of real-time control systems adapted to emergency management. Furthermore, the presented work use developed system modelling language (SysML) diagram notations. The system is made of evacuation, compartments, and fire detection to enable a framework inside which can be integrated with real-time management tools. The system can be integrated with BIM. Therefore, a future vision is predicted and proposed for the current research field. The opportunities concerning the integration between simulation environments for requirements verification over the cycle are concluded.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/325633

Enhancing BIM through Mixed Reality for Facility Management
Building Information Modeling - A Sustainable Approach and Emerging Technologies
Autore/i: Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Spegni, Francesco; Giretti, Alberto
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/307041

A Model-Based Approach to Design A Real-Time Control of Safety Management in Building
Creative Construction e-Conference 2022 Proceedings
Autore/i: Mousharbash, NABIH ISSAM MICHAEL; Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto; Turk, Žiga
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Emergency Management (EM) is the organizational function used to avoid, mitigate, and recover from any unexpected events in a specific location and time. It can be considered as a sub-category under Facility Management (FM), which is defined as the organizational function which integrates people, spaces, processes, and technology within the built environment to optimize the overall operation. The performance and management of a building can be integrated into a BIM environment, which the construction industry is approaching to optimize the building performance in its lifecycle. This contribution will emphasize the findings of the available literature review and embrace the benefits provided by the integration of BIM and technologies in facility management from the perspective of emergency management. This paper starts from the insights provided by the current scientific literature and emphasizes the meaning, benefits, and challenges determined by the use of real-time systems in emergency management. Moreover, a systematic analysis of the specifications and requirements of real-time control systems applied to emergency management will be presented. Technically, this contribution systematically investigates the requirements related to the design of realtime systems for the control of emergency management in complex buildings. The assessment was carried out within a model-based systems engineering framework, to address interactions among various components of the system as a whole. System Modeling Language (SysML) was selected as the modeling language. A first model was developed, and its potential has been discussed. Eventually, future research opportunities concerning the integration between SysML, BIM, and a simulation environment for requirements verification over the life cycle have been argued.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312717

Building status collected during AWOPS tests [Data set]
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: The dataset is about building status collected during the validation of the Automated Work Planning Services (AWOPS). The dataset includes: 1 csv file regarding renovation works' activities carried out from March 7th to April 11th; 9 json files regarding progress data collected during the following days: March 14th 2022 (day 2); March 17th 2022 (day 5); March 21st 2022 (day 9); March 24th 2022 (day 12); March 28th 2022 (day 16); March 31st 2022 (day 19); April 4th 2022 (day 23); April 7th 2022 (day 26); April 11th 2022(day 30).
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312711

Project Information Model resulting from the on-site survey
Autore/i: Spegni, Francesco; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: The On-site Analysis and Verification Service (ODAVS) is a service developed within the Encore project. It allows users to check any constructability issues regarding renovation projects of residential buildings by means of surveys facilitated by a mixed reality tool. This dataset includes two IFC files of the renovation studies developed by Univpm and JEA (both partners of Encore project) at JEA experimental building in Caceres, and assessed on-site on 2021 December 14th and 15th. The dataset also includes an XML file containing the list of 33 URLS pointing to audio files previously published on a different Zenodo dataset [1]. Note that the access to the Zenodo dataset [1] is restricted. The interested users must ask the dataset authors for permission to access the dataset itself. In the XML file, for each comment, the GUID of the IFC object referred by the audio comment itself is given.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312710

Workplans generated during AWOPS tests [Data set]
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: The dataset is about workplans generated during the validation of the Automated Work Planning Services (AWOPS).The dataset includes: 9 xml files regarding workplans automatically generated by AWOPS for renovation works' activities during the following days: March 7th 2022 (day 0); March 14th 2022 (day 2); March 17th 2022 (day 5); March 21st 2022 (day 9); March 24th 2022 (day 12); March 28th 2022 (day 16); March 31st 2022 (day 19); April 4th 2022 (day 23); April 7th 2022 (day 26).
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312713

Resource status collected during AWOPS tests [Data set]
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: The dataset is about resource status collected during the validation of the Automated Work Planning Services (AWOPS). The dataset includes: 5 csv files regarding crews composition involved at JEA renovation works from March 7th to April 11th; 9 json files regarding crews efforts in the same period.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312712

Pictures and Videos Collected During ODAVS Activity
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 5 Altro
Abstract: The On-site Analysis and Verification Service (ODAVS) is a service developed within the Encore project. It allows users to check any constructability issues regarding renovation projects of residential buildings by menas of survey facilitate by a mixed reality tool. This dataset includes videos of the tests performed by Univpm and JEA (both partners of Encore project) at JEA experimental building in Caceres, on 2021 December 14th and 15th. In addition, it includes audio files recorded by volunteeers who performed the experimental tests.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312709

On holonic observers of human-AI sustainable symbiosis
Proceedings of 17th IRDO
Autore/i: Pirani, Massimiliano; Carbonari, Alessandro; Spalazzi, Luca
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Societal dynamics are increasingly driven by the encounter between humans and their artefacts, with AI (artificial intelligence) being a prominent actor in such a socio-technical phenomenology. Nonetheless, the desirable phenomenon of sustainable symbiosis between humans and AI is still hidden either from the scientific inquiry perspective, or from the normative, due to its novelty, ineffability, and complexity. In this work, a new scientific perspective is elicited with the proposition of a methodology and related technology that aims to a step-change in the discovery of principle deep implications and dynamics shaping the human-AI complex. The proposed methodology stems from the simultaneous apprehension of two epistemologies. The first is the usual epistemology of humans that uses digital realities as epistemic ground. The second is an epistemology of the machines, which can realize cognitive actors when they learn, ascertain, and control physical reality with causal models, and related affordances. This is achievable with a technology that materializes holons as intermediary and amphibian entities that straddle two realities and harness the emergence of a new hybrid phenomenon. Such an entity is conceived as an eigensystem that implements a relational transformation between algorithmic processes and causal dynamic representations. The holonic observer becomes a means for scientific inquiry that is in search of effective control of the social upheavals caused by the digital transformation era. A new modelling framework of AI-human symbiosis will result from the expected advances.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312787

CURRENT RESEARCH, TRENDS, AND CHALLENGES IN BUILDING EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Proceedings of the 2022 European Conference on Computing in Construction
Autore/i: Mousharbash, NABIH ISSAM MICHAEL; Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto; Turk, Žiga
Editore: European Council on Computing in Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Digital technology has been showing promising outcomes in all phases of construction in pre, current, and postconstruction, including facility management. Emergency management is a topic within facility management that also could be improved using digital technologies, particularly for buildings and related asset information models and digital twin. Research in this field is just starting. This paper presents current research, trends, and challenges of building emergency management assisted by digital construction technologies. The outcome of this analysis shows that new technologies and areas of focus are not fully integrated into the deep articulation of facility management sub-fields. The most studied topics include evacuation in case of emergency, damage reports, and repair plans. Eventually, this work leads to identifying the research gaps in the use of BIM and digital technology in the field of emergency management and the challenges required to fill in those gaps.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312716

Spatial conflict simulator using game engine technology and Bayesian networks for workspace management
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; García de Soto, Borja; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Workspace demand changes across space and time, stressing the need to consider space as a limited and renewable resource. Traditional scheduling techniques have not fully handled this issue. This paper proposes a workspace management framework using a game engine to address that. The simulator detects spatial interferences by combining geometric computations and physics simulations. The detected conflicts are filtered through Bayesian inference to detect non-critical scenarios and avoid overestimation. The proposed spatial conflict simulator was tested using a real use case and compared to commercial tools. Results showed that the Navisworks approach detected 58 spatial conflicts (of which only 25% were relevant), the Synchro approach detected 1 spatial conflict, and the proposed approach detected 1 “direct” and 4 “indirect” spatial conflicts. Results show its capability to detect more relevant spatial issues than state-of-the-art tools and avoid overestimations. Construction management teams can adjust or confirm the schedule with that information.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312707

Intelligent BIM-based spatial conflict simulators: A comparison with commercial 4D tools
Proceedings of the 39th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; García de Soto, Borja; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In construction projects, the space required for executing each activity is unanimously recognized as a limited but renewable resource, like workers, equipment, and materials. Overloading a given resource space, as demonstrated by statistics, leads to efficiency losses and safety threats. Despite the valuable contributions provided by academics and the construction software industry, a definitive tool for managing and resolving spatial issues is not available yet. In fact, current approaches, generally based on geometric intersection tests between main workspaces in their initial static position, do not account for not-purely-geometric spatial issues (e.g., struck-by hazards, electrical hazards, etc.) and overestimate conflicts affected by unlikely surrounding conditions. In order to cover these gaps, a workspace management framework integrated into the preparation of the construction schedule is proposed and tested by developing a spatial conflict simulator (i.e., “Enhanced” approach). The simulator implemented using the serious gaming environment Unity3DTM was compared with Synchro Pro (i.e., “Benchmark” approach). Results show a better performance of the “Enhanced” approach, able to extend the range of detected spatial conflicts thanks to physics simulations, and filter unlikely spatial conflicts based on Bayesian inference’s results.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312708

A Mixed Reality Application for the On-Site Assessment of Building Renovation: Development and Testing
SUSTAINABILITY
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Franco, Carlos; Naticchia, Berardo; Spegni, Francesco; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This paper contributes to a sustainable construction design management approach to increase the successful renovation rate of existing residential building stock. Indeed, coupling BIM with mixed reality can speed up and improve the quality of the renovation design processes, because it can display virtual models of alternative design scenarios superimposed over the existing physical facility. To this purpose, a sample of technicians was enrolled to test the reliability of this technology. A prototype was developed that enables cooperation among stakeholders and the implementation of an efficient workflow. The volunteers carried out real-life tests in a building demonstrator in Caceres (Spain) and filled in two questionnaires with their feedback. The results showed that an MR-based platform can involve interested stakeholders in the assessment of renovation design projects, that speeds up the decision-making process and increases the quality of those projects. Moreover, technicians can master the technology quickly, provided that it is included in the current renovation workflow and some technology gaps are covered. However, the main limitations of this study are that these findings are valid for building renovation design only, and the tests were performed in a controlled, yet full scale, experimental environment. Finally, this paper deals with a few open technical issues, such as the efficient alignment of holograms, transformation of BIM models into a format suitable for mixed reality applications and sharing feedbacks in an on-line repository to foster collaboration.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/312714

A framework for development and integration of digital twins in construction
Proceedings of 13th European Conference on Product & Process Modelling (ECPPM)
Autore/i: Corneli, A.; Naticchia, B.; Carbonari, A.; Vaccarini, M.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/301245

Leveraging Extended Reality technologies with RFID to enhance on field maintenance of buildings
Proceedings of the 38th International Conference of CIB W78
Autore/i: Naticchia, B; Vaccarini, M; Corneli, A; Messi, L; Carbonari, A
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The combined use of BIM and the advanced visualization provided by Extended Reality technologies can improve productivity in the project management processes in construction. This paper concerns an application of MR for seamless data retrieval from a BIM platform towards field workers in charge of maintenance. For instance, in case a failure of any systems has been claimed, workers must retrieve the information about the localization of components prior to repairing. This step can be facilitated by on field data visualization through MR. As the number of on field repair actions is huge in complex buildings, minimizing the time required for the alignment of virtual models is beneficial. Hence, an approach for model alignment that is based on the use of RFID tags has been developed. The first advantage is that these embedded devices are suitable for reuse at any survey with no need for re-deployment. Secondly, this approach does not require that the virtual model is displayed during the alignment, which makes it suitable for large models.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/299421

Process-based simulation models using BPMN for construction management at runtime
Proceedings of the 38th International Conference of CIB W78
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Spegni, Francesco; Carbonari, Alessandro; Ridolfi, Luigi; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In this paper, we present a platform to develop smart and flexible simulation models, based on the notation known as Business Process Modelling Notation, in support of construction management. They are generated in a way that supports effective re-planning at runtime. They merge information about the product model, construction processes and associated resources. Thanks to the notation used, that information can be properly re-arranged in order to generate the work plan even automatically, e.g. by means of search algorithms. At runtime, the business process models are used to monitor work progress and re-instantiate search algorithms for rapid update of work plans. This notation facilitates construction managers who develop work plans taking into account the usage of resources and of the intrinsic dynamics of construction projects. Finally, the application in the energy retrofit of a residential building is showcased.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/299244

Addressing COVID-19 Spatial Restrictions on Construction Sites Using a BIM-Based Gaming Environment
Proceedings of the 38th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; García de Soto, Borja; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Spatial conflicts affect crews’ productivity and workers’ safety. The idea of considering workspaces as a limited resource has brought a remarkable contribution to the effectiveness of traditional scheduling techniques that generally do not consider the spatial-temporal dimension of construction activities. In previous studies, the detection of spatial interferences among main workspaces has proven to be an effective way to track down spatial issues inherent to the works schedule. In light of recent events, this research considers spatial interferences among workspaces as occasions of COVID-19 transmission, which must be avoided. The number of spatial issues detected in previous studies must be extended by also including spatial conflicts affecting crews moving to and from main workspaces in transfer spaces (i.e., the support workspaces). A BIM-based spatial conflict simulator, integrated within the work planning process and developed using a serious game engine, is presented in this study and tested on a real work scenario. The possibility of simulating working operations in gaming environments enables investigating on how behavioral constraints, such as social distancing, can be considered during work planning. The first research outcome is that the developed prototype can read the work plan and the BIM model to provide spatial interferences due not only to the main but also to the support workspaces. The second research outcome, emerged from our preliminary simulations, is that even in a short time span (e.g., 2 days and 3 activities), interferences involving support workspaces account for 33% of the complete list of detected conflicts.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/299451

Technology Framework for Real-Time Assessment of Spatial Conflicts in Building Retrofitting
Proceedings of the 2021 European Conference on Computing in Construction
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Corneli, Alessandra; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In the field of construction works planning, workspaces must be considered as limited resources, in the same way as labour crews and equipment. Being the work-related spatial information both contextual and affected by construction site's dynamics, a real-time management approach based on lean principles must be adopted. In this paper, a BIM-based serious game engine, framed within a high-level system architecture, is presented to enhance work progress management. The generation of a geometric model to perform look-ahead simulations for predicting spatial conflicts is showcased relatively to a retrofitted residential building.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/299450

Development of a Digital Twin Model for Real-Time Assessment of Collision Hazards
Proceedings of the Creative Construction e-Conference (2020)
Autore/i: Messi, Leonardo; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Ridolfi, Luigi; DI GIUDA, GIUSEPPE MARTINO
Editore: Attila Varga, Róbert Hohol, Gergely Szakáts
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The AEC industry is nowadays one of the most hazardous industries in the world. The construction sector employees about 7% of the world’s work force but is responsible for 30-40% of fatalities. As statistics demonstrate, interferences between workers-on-foot and moving vehicles have caused several injuries and fatalities over the years. Despite safety organizational measures, passive safety devices imposed by regulations and efforts from training procedures, scarce improvements have been recorded. Recent research studies propose technology driven approaches as the key solutions to integrate standard health and safety management practices. This is motivated by the evidence that the dynamics of complex systems can hardly be predicted; rather a proactive approach to health and safety is more effective. Current technologies installed on construction equipment can usually react according to a strict logic, such as sending proximity alerts when workers and equipment are too close. Nevertheless, these approaches barely do make informed decisions in real-time, e.g. including the level of reactiveness of the endangered worker. In similar circumstances a digital twin of the construction site, updated by real-time data from sensors and enriched by artificial intelligence, can pro-actively support activities, forecasting dangerous scenarios on the base of several factors. In this paper a laboratory mock-up has been assumed as the test case, supported by a game engine, which is able to replicates the job site for the execution of bored piles. In such a scenario populated by an avatar of a sensor-equipped worker and a virtual driller, a Bayesian network, implemented within the game engine and fed in runtime by sensor data, works out collision probability in real-time in order to send warnings and avoid fatal accidents.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290354

BPMN 2.0 Modelling for the Management of the Inspection of Execution Processes in Construction
Proceedings of the Creative Construction e-Conference (2020)
Autore/i: Gardini, Alice; Alvise Bragadin, Marco; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Corneli, Alessandra
Editore: Attila Varga, Róbert Hohol, Gergely Szakáts
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Nowadays digitalization is a growing challenge for the whole construction sector. Therefore, the need of supportive tools and procedures is becoming increasingly urgent in each construction project step and particularly for project supervision in the execution phase. This is a primary requirement especially for the public sector, since the legislative framework is becoming more and more focused on this aspect, in Italy as well as in the European and international context. A formalization of the inspection procedures of project management in the construction phase is proposed through Business Process Modelling and Notation (BPMN) 2.0 language. The first key aspect of this proposal is to assume a model-based approach, which allows a more coherent information management, in contrast with the traditional document-based one. The second aspect concerns process modeling. In fact, the proposed method is based on processes, instead of BIM – based federated object-oriented models. Construction processes are modelled so that they can generate and feed the federated models themselves. In addition to this, Business Process Modelling and Notation can be used to create a collection of different procedures involved in the inspection management for construction projects. Also, BPMN model will allow an automatic feeding of an inspection management support system which will be developed in future studies, that will offer the full traceability of the procedures and the delivery of the quality certification of products. The case study of the inspection of ready-mix concrete cast-in-place process is analyzed and discussed.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290355

Development of a BIM-based holonic system for real-time monitoring of building operational efficiency
FRONTIERS OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Messi, Leonardo; Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Pirani, Massimiliano
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In the wide context of facility management, several processes, such as operations, maintenance, retrofitting, and renovations, ensure that buildings comply with the principles of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and indoor comfort. Apart from ordinary operation, facility management is responsible for the renovation of and long-term performance improvement of building facilities. In such a scenario, the cyber—physical system (CPS) paradigm with holonic architecture, which is the focus of this study, can successfully guide the operation management and long-term refurbishment processes of buildings. Analogous to the manufacturing field, the developed CPS maximizes holons’ self-configuration and self-organization and overall throughput effectiveness metrics to detect the best corrective actions toward system improvements. Consequently, suggestions and lessons learned from the evaluation of building efficiency are redirected to the building information model. Hence, the digital model acts as a repository of currently available equipment for operations management and the history of diagnoses that support decision-making during the maintenance, retrofitting, and renovation processes. Evidently, the repeated detection of a specific issue, which is unaffected by operations management, should be considered an opportunity to act and enhance the performances of existing building components. Similar to a goods-producing industry, the building management system developed in this study applies the aforementioned methodology to provide services related to indoor comfort and building health. This approach indicates that a method for automatic real-time diagnosis is tested in a case study consisting of a multi-use and large public building. The current paper, which is an extended version of the one presented in the Creative Construction Conference 2018, deepens the decision support tool and the supervision policy. Moreover, the developed system is contextualized by providing an example of use case and highlighting the step forward in the field of smart buildings.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290352

Training of YOLO Neural Network for the Detection of Fire Emergency Assets
Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2020)
Autore/i: Corneli, A.; Naticchia, B.; Vaccarini, M.; Bosché, F.; Carbonari, A.
Editore: International Association on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Building assets surveys are cost and time demanding and the majority of current methods still rely on manual procedures. New technologies could be used to support this task. The exploitation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for the automatic interpretation of data is spreading throughout various application fields. However, a challenge with AI is the very large number of training images required for robustly detect and classify each object class. This paper details the procedure and parameters used for the training of a custom YOLO neural network for the recognition of fire emergency assets. The minimum number of pictures for obtaining good recognition performances and the image augmentation process have been investigated. In the end, it was found that fire extinguishers and emergency signs are reasonably detected and their position inside the pictures accurately evaluated. The use case proposed in this paper for the use of custom YOLO is the retrieval of as-is information for existing buildings. The trained neural networks are part of a system that makes use of Augmented Reality devices for capturing pictures and for visualizing the results directly on site.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290357

Framework based on building information modeling, mixed reality, and a cloud platform to support information flow in facility management
FRONTIERS OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Corneli, Alessandra; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The quality of information flow management has a remarkable effect on the entire life cycle of buildings. Manual retrieval of technical specifications and features of building components and their performance assessment leads to increased cost and time and efficiency reduction, especially during the facility management (FM) stage. The introduction of building information modeling (BIM) in the construction industry can provide a valuable means of improving the organization and exchange of information. BIM tools integrate multiple levels of information within a single digital model of a building. Nevertheless, the support given by BIM to FM is far from being fully effective. Technicians can benefit from real-time communication with the data repository whenever the need for gathering contextual information and/or updating any data in the digital model arises. The framework proposed in this study aims to develop a system that supports on-site operations. Information requirements have been determined from the analyses of procedures that are usually implemented in the building life cycle. These studies set the standard for the development of a digital model of a building, which will be shared among various actors in charge of FM and accessed via a cloud platform. Moreover, mixed reality is proposed to support specific information that is relevant to geometric features and procedures to be followed by operators. This article presents three use-cases supported by the proposed framework. In addition, this research article describes the first proof of concept regarding real-time support for FM.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290353

Development of a Twin Model for Real-time Detection of Fall Hazards
Proceedings of the 37th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2020)
Autore/i: Messi, L.; Corneli, A.; Vaccarini, M.; Carbonari, A.
Editore: International Association on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The Architecture, Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is still one of the most hazardous industries in the world. Researchers impute this trend to many factors such as the separation between the phases of safety planning and project execution, implicit safety issues and, most of all, the dynamic and complex nature of construction projects. Several studies show that the AEC industry could greatly benefit of latest advances in Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to develop tools contributing to safety management. A digital twin of the construction site, which is automatically instantiated and updated by real-time collected data, can run fast forward simulations in order to pro-actively support activities and forecast dangerous scenarios. In this paper, the twin model of the Digital Construction Capability Centre (DC3) at the Polytechnic University of Marche (UNIVPM) is developed and run as a mock-up, thanks to the adoption of a serious game engine. This mock-up is able to mirror all the relevant features of a job site during the execution of works from a safety-wide perspective. In such a scenario, virtual avatars randomly explore the construction site in order to detect accessible, unprotected and risky workspaces at height, while warning the safety inspector in case additional safety measures are needed.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/290356

Augmented reality application supporting on-site secondary building assets management
Proceedings of the Creative Construction Conference (2019)
Autore/i: Corneli, A.; Naticchia, B.; Carbonari, A.; Bosché, F.; Principi, L.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/300752

Holonic System for Real-Time Emergency Management in Buildings
Proceedings of 36th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Naticchia, B.; Messi, L.; Pirani, M.; Bonci, A.; Carbonari, A.; Tolve, L. C.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Emergency management can benefit from advanced information and communication technology (ICT), since it can support officers in charge of emergency management to deal with urgent decision within a really short deadline. Further enhancement can derive from the application of holonic systems, which typically deal with the unexpected. In fact, unexpected events may prevent the application of emergency plans, e. g. evacuation of people outside of a building in fire through a network of pre-determined paths. The holonic emergency management system, proposed in this paper, guarantees the shift to a contingent approach, leveraging the flexibility and adaptability to changing scenarios deriving from the holonic theory. Last but not least, the BIM integration provides all the building’s topological information. Such a technology can exploit general data to automatically detect unconventional ways out and arrange rescue operations in real-time. The developed system has been applied to the fire safety management of a large building in a university campus. The BIM model of the case study has been imported in a game environment where an unconventional pathfinding has been experienced.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271350

Augmented Reality and Deep Learning towards the Management of Secondary Building Assets
Proceedings of 36th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Corneli, A.; Naticchia, B.; Carbonari, A.; Bosche, F.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The retrieval of as-is information for existing buildings is a prerequisite for effectively operating facilities, through the creation or updating of Building/Asset Information Models (BIM/AIM), or Digital Twins. At present, many studies focus on the capture of geometry for the modelling of primary components, overlooking the fact that many recurring actions need to be conducted on assets inside buildings. Furthermore, highly accurate survey techniques like laser scanning need long offsite processing for object recognition. Performing such process on site would dramatically impact efficiency and also prevent the need to revisit the site in the case of insufficient/incomplete data. In this paper, an Augmented Reality (AR) system is proposed enabling inventory, information retrieval and information update directly on-site. It would reduce post-processing work and avoid loss of information and unreliability of data. The system has a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) AR interface that lets the technician interact handsfree with the real world and digital information contained in the BIM/AIM. A trained Deep Learning Neural Network operates the automatic recognition of objects in the field of view of the user and their placement into the digital BIM. In this paper, two uses cases are described: one is the inventory of small assets inside buildings to populate a BIM/AIM, and the second is the retrieval of relevant information from the AIM to support maintenance operations. Partial development and feasibility tests of the first use case applied to fire extinguishers, have been carried out to assess the feasibility and value of this system.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271351

BIM-based holonic system for real-time pathfinding in building emergency scenario
Proceedings of the 2019 European Conference on Computing in Construction
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Emergency management can benefit from advanced information and communication technology (ICT), since they can support officers in charge with rescue operation to deal with urgent decision within a really short deadline. Further enhancement can derive from the application of holonic systems, inherited from the manufacturing industry, to tackle unforeseen scenario. The aim of this research is to develop a BIM-integrated technology for the real-time pathfinding during emergencies. A virtual reality platform, exploiting building topological data from the digital model, can support the standard Emergency approach if an unexpected event voids the network of predetermined paths. The developed system has been tested in a large mixed-used building assumed as case study.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/271345

A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR MULTI-CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OF LARGE BUILDING STOCKS
JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Corneli, Alessandra; Martino DI GIUDA, Giuseppe; Ridolfi, Luigi; Villa, Valentina
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Both public administrations and private owners of large building stocks need to work out plans for the management of their property, while having to deal with yearly budget limitations. Particularly for the former, this is a rather critical challenge, since public administrations are given the responsibility of sticking to very strict budget distributions over the years. As a consequence, when planning the actions to be taken on their building stocks in order to comply with their current use and the legislation in-force, they need to classify refurbishment priorities. The aim of this paper is to develop a first tool based on Bayesian Networks that offers an effective decision support service for owners even in case some information is incomplete. This tool can be used to evaluate the compliance of existing buildings with the latest standards. The decision support platform proposed includes a multi-criteria evaluation approach combining several performance indicators, each of which related to a specific regulatory area. This tool can be applied to existing buildings, where the building with the lowest score shows the highest priority of intervention. Also, the platform performs an assessment of expected costs for required refurbishment or renovation actions.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/268417

Rethinking Buildings Design, Construction and Management Through Sustainable Technologies and Digitization
The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Giretti, Alberto; Lemma, Massimo; Munafò, Placido; Naticchia, Berardo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Stazi, Francesca; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/272867

Sustainable Engineering for Resilient Built and Natural Environments
The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”
Autore/i: Alici, Antonello; Bocci, Maurizio; Bonvini, Paolo; Brocchini, Maurizio; Calamai, Alessandro; Canestrari, Francesco; Capozucca, Roberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Carbonari, Sandro; Cardone, Fabrizio; Clementi, Francesco; Clini, Paolo; Cocchi, Giammichele; Corvaro, Sara; Darvini, Giovanna; Davì, Fabrizio; Dezi, Luigino; Di Giuseppe, Elisa; D’Orazio, Marco; Ferretti, Maddalena; Ferrotti, Gilda; Gara, Fabrizio; Giretti, Alberto; Graziani, Andrea; Lancioni, Giovanni; Lemma, Massimo; Lenci, Stefano; Lorenzoni, Carlo; Malinverni, Eva Savina; Mancinelli, Alessandro; Mariano, Fabio; Mentrasti, Lando; Mondaini, Gianluigi; Montecchiari, Piero; Munafò, Placido; Naticchia, Berardo; Postacchini, Matteo; Quagliarini, Enrico; Quattrini, Ramona; Ragni, Laura; Serpilli, Michele; Soldini, Luciano; Virgili, Amedeo; Zampini, Giovanni
Editore: Springer
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/272866

A cyber-physical system approach for building efficiency monitoring
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: Bonci, Andrea; Carbonari, Alessandro; Cucchiarelli, Alessandro; Messi, Leonardo; Pirani, Massimiliano; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Digitalised models can play a key role in the management of building life-cycle. This paper focuses on the challenges connected to the operation phase of buildings, when the adoption of BIM can make information retrieval and management easier and more efficient. More specifically, a BIM-based cyber-physical system for the automated monitoring of buildings during their regular operation is proposed and tested by means of a customised simulator. The system automatically works out key performance indicators based on the overall throughput effectiveness (OTE) metric, assessing both the overall efficiency and the efficiency of every sub-system integrated in the building. Thus, assessments of the contribution of every sub-system to the operation of the building are performed in real-time. In addition, the metric proposed can help manage multi-objective real-time control. The system is self-reconfigurable thanks to the self-similarity assumption of the computational structure that is designed as a holarchy of holonic systems. The first application reported in this paper shows that when intelligence is embedded at both lower and higher levels, it is possible to generate information that is then used to update the digital model, developed as a BIM. As a result, the digital model becomes the mirror of the physical system and stores the actual performances recorded by the building to support facility managers in making decisions.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263580

Holonic execution system for real-time construction management
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: Naticchia, B.; Carbonari, A.; Vaccarini, M.; Giorgi, R.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The latest advances in construction management are leading towards the transition from traditional activity-based to flow-based management, which imposes that a set of flows be considered to reach efficiency. In addition, planning can no longer be limited to the pre-execution phase, because the variability and contingencies that are always encountered in the execution phase ask for close monitoring and dynamic planning of construction works. These issues have been the subject of well-known research advances, among which, in this paper, online planning and Last Planner System are cited. The core of these approaches is that work progress must be regularly monitored and some decision making models must be available to site managers for them to be able to redirect the work plan during execution. However, this approach is so demanding in terms of communication, computational burden and team collaboration that automation was claimed as the right approach to make it feasible. In this paper it is suggested that holonic management systems can either perform automatic construction site management or support site managers, depending on the level of embedded intelligence. Such systems combine the potentials of hierarchical and heterarchical systems and are capable of self-organisation and multi-objective optimisation. They are designed so as to reason both at a local and global level. As a result, they are safe and do not suffer communication losses or delays. They correctly simulate real world interactions among all the agents typically involved in construction execution and management. A preliminary application for the real-time management of the execution of bored piles in a middle-sized construction site through a holonic management system is presented. Both the system architecture and a possible development platform are defined, so as to assess the potentials of this approach.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/265524

Development of a framework to support the information flow for the management of building
2018 Creative Construction Conference
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Corneli, Alessandra; Carbonari, Alessandro
Editore: Miklós Hajdu and Mirosław J. Skibniewski
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Inefficient control of information flow in projects is one of the critical aspects that affects the entire lifecycle of buildings. Besides allowing for a simpler and more efficient transfer of information, the dramatic growth of the digitalization process in the AEC industry underlines the need for a common data environment, which manages and shares these data. The increasingly widespread adoption of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is partially leading to a union of multiple levels of information in a single digital model of the building. However, many challenges are still posed in terms of information transfer from the model to operators responsible for keeping building functioning and in good conditions. In fact, technicians could benefit from the immediate availability of data on the current state of buildings and from the level of information detail that can be obtained from digital buildings. The purpose of this work is to create a framework for data management related to the maintenance phase of the building asset. Starting from the study of maintenance processes it was possible to define the information needs that will be managed by a common data environment support associated with BIM models of buildings. Furthermore, thanks to the aid of Mixed Reality (MR), the flow of information is transferred directly to the last user both as regards geometric features and for the standard procedure to be followed. This will allow a maximum optimization of data management procedures due to an automation of processes that will result in a lower incidence of errors in the processes leading eventually to an increase in quality and productivity.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263459

Numerical Approach for the Design of Cost-Effective Renovation of Heating System Control in Buildings
HVAC System
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Quaquero, Emanuela
Editore: Intech
Luogo di pubblicazione: London
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: This chapter focuses on advanced tools for transient energy simulation of existing buildings. Budget constraints often hinder the possibility of implementing large-scale retrofit projects. As a consequence, designers must work out low-cost renovation, which asks for a deep knowledge of the current state of the buildings. Furthermore, the performances of heating plants in existing buildings can be enhanced through the improvement of the control of the system. These types of retrofit actions can be carried out with a limited budget, but asks for the availability of very accurate transient energy simulation tools, which can compare the current and the renovated scenarios. On top of them, cost–benefit analyses can be developed. In this chapter, a model of a small hospital is developed in the Dymola/Modelica environment. The high flexibility of the transient simulation model and the very good agreement between numerical estimations and measurements are shown. Then, one scenario regarding enhanced regulation of the heating system by means of a customized ambient temperature control system is developed, and the expected energy savings are estimated.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263464

A simulation-based approach for optimal construction planning and scheduling
2018 Creative Construction Conference
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Miklós Hajdu and Mirosław J. Skibniewski
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Project schedules in construction are responsible for an efficient deployment of resources on the job-site and for the overall efficiency of work progress. Current approaches too often lead towards sub-optimal work plans or, sometimes, even scarce productivity. For that reason, a lot of research was devoted to the development of automated scheduling tools, which can provide optimal solutions while requiring reasonable computational effort. As a consequence, planners can save their time and involved resources can benefit from the efficient organization of work packages and tasks. However, automation in construction scheduling is a tough challenge, because it requires to generate and optimize multi-objective problems, which usually include several parameters. In addition, deviations from what expected is quite frequent, and these algorithms should be able to quickly revise the previous plan, in fact performing dynamic planning. Hence, this paper presents an agent-based approach, which can be integrated in a BIM-based platform to perform automated scheduling of construction works. The BIM component can provide instant access to relevant information, which must be integrated with some user defined inputs, in order to feed the optimization algorithm. This algorithm was based on the multiple ant colony system for vehicle routing problems with time windows, because it can handle several resources travelling through many locations, each one performing its task, even in the presence of time constraints. The optimization was performed with respect to both overall makespan and total costs. An application to the case of bored piles execution will be presented in this paper.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263458

Development of a BIM-based cyber-physical system for facility management of buildings
2018 Creative Construction Conference
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Messi, Leonardo; Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Pirani, Massimiliano
Editore: Miklós Hajdu and Mirosław J. Skibniewski
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: In the wide facility management context, several processes such as operations, maintenance, retrofitting and renovations ensure that buildings comply with the principles of efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Besides ordinary operation, facility management is responsible for renovation of building facilities and long-term improvement of their performances. In such a scenario, the cyberphysical system (CPS) paradigm with holonic architecture, that will be reported in this paper, can successfully advice the operation management of buildings, as well as long-term refurbishment processes. Indeed and in analogy with the manufacturing field, the developed CPS exploits holons self-configuration and self-organization and overall throughput effectiveness (OTE) metrics, in order to detect the best corrective actions towards system improvements. As a consequence, suggestions and lessons learnt from the evaluation of building efficiency are re-directed to the BIM model. Hence, the digital model acts not only as a repository of currently available equipment for operations management, but also as a repository of the history of the diagnoses that supports decision making during maintenance, retrofitting and renovation processes. As a matter of fact, the repeated detection of a specific issue, since not affected by operations management, should be read as an opportunity to act and enhance the capabilities of buildings components. According to this approach, an automatic real-time diagnosis method is tested in a test case consisting of a multi-use and large public building.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263455

Holonic execution system for construction management
35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Ensuring high efficiency in construction through advanced planning techniques must be supported by the simulation of construction processes. In previous research, the potential for multi-agent based simulation to support the planning phase were successfully shown with regard to some typical construction tasks. Among the main benefits determined by this approach the following ones were reported: capability of simulating real-world processes and interaction among resources; powerful 3D visualization; optimal sizing of resources. However, those models are not easy to create, because of the absence of built-in blocks and the many relationships among single agents and between agents and context. In this paper we propose the application of a novel holonic system for construction management, which is a sub-category of multi-agent systems. It combines the high and predictable performance promised by hierarchical systems with the robustness against disturbances and the agility of heterarchical systems. Holons are self-contained, stable, intermediate forms, that can be used to create a bigger whole. By using holons, designers aim to create complex systems that can be reused and redesigned much more rapidly than standard multi-agent systems. The approach was applied to the optimal scheduling of bored piles construction. Hence, a holonic construction execution system for bored piles tasks was developed. The holonic architecture was designed so as to integrate the DMAS pattern for scheduling optimization through stigmergy. The results of this paper showed the easy reusability of our simulation sub-systems and the potentials in terms of automatic optimal planning of construction works.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263454

Holonic Overlays in Cyber-Physical System of Systems
IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA
Autore/i: Bonci, Andrea; Pirani, Massimiliano; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; Cucchiarelli, Alessandro; Longhi, Sauro
Editore: IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: This paper gives a novel perspective about the role of the self-similarities in the modelling of system of systems with cyber-physical representation. With the adoption of virtual overlays of dynamically self-adapting holarchies, the emergent characteristics and behaviors of the information and automation systems are mapped into a recursive tree of autonomic components that can be typically realized through holonic multiagent systems. The nested computing structures that are used to achieve a productivity goal are kept simple by means of self-similarities. This simplification provides a viable methodology for the pervasive management and the automated programming of the holonic components. The technique described is suitable for a prompt adoption on a vast class of manufacturing, robotics, mechatronics, and facility management processes, whilst enabling a continuum between humans and machines. An advantage of the proposed method is its agnosticism with respect to most of the specific but heterogeneous technological means adopted in the already existent automation realizations.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263568

BIM-Based Decision Support System for the Mangement of Large Building Stocks
35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Corneli, Alessandra; Giuseppe Di Giuda, ; Ridolfi, Luigi; Valentina, Villa
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: While on the one hand the BIM methodology is an essential reference for the construction of new buildings, on the other hand it is receiving particular attention and interest also from owners of large building stocks who want to take advantage of the benefits of Building Information Modelling so as to have a coordinated system for the sharing of information and data. This, especially in a process that concerns the management and maintenance of a large building stocks, involves the processing of uncertain information in BIM, particularly when dealing with existing buildings, due to the lack of and/or incomplete documentation, entailing a significant investment in terms of time and additional costs. Therefore, to represent the reliability of existing building data, we suggest introducing a tool based on Bayesian Network that offers a valid decision support under conditions of uncertainty and is used to evaluate the compliance with the latest standard. This paper presents a process to provide an integrated database defined by a minimum information level that can be used both to extrapolate and query specific information from a digital building model and populate the decision model in order to evaluate the performance parameters of existing buildings which is based on a Multicriteria decision making approach (AHP).
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263453

Mixed Reality Approach for the Management of Building Maintenance and Operation
35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Corneli, Alessandra; Carbonari, Alessandro; Bonci, Andrea; Pirani, Massimiliano
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been indicated as the right tool to provide the construction industry with the productivity boost that has been lacking in the last 40 years. This momentum finds its highest fulfilment in the support provided by BIM models to knowledge management and the automation of process. However, the management of information flow is still far from its automation breakthrough and, as far as operation and maintenance are concerned, knowledge about procedures is often incomplete. Moreover, processes are often do not undergo optimisation and the individual steps to be performed are not communicated, but in facility management (FM) the transmission of know-how is fundamental particularly because some operations are dangerous or risky. In this framework, Mixed Reality (MR) represents a powerful means to communicate the correct data concerning both geometric features to be considered and the standard procedure to be followed. The aim of this paper is to investigate the possibility of exploiting the benefits provided by these technologies to achieve automation in the transmission of information and optimisation of procedures, improving efficiency and productivity thanks to a better understanding of the operations to be carried out and the reduction of errors. With the support of a head-mounted display (HDM) device with a see-through screen capable of presenting 3D virtual objects, this research tries to combine information from a BIM model with reality to study the benefits for maintenance personnel.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263452

A Review of Recursive Holarchies for Viable Systems in CPSs
Proceedings - IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2018
Autore/i: Bonci, Andrea; Pirani, Massimiliano; Cucchiarelli, Alessandro; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; Longhi, Sauro
Editore: IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: This work reviews and recaps some lessons learnt in the industrial cyber-physical systems playground to indicate a viable path towards an effective use of artificial intelligence in distributed automation. The holon concept is used as a pivotal tool towards a simplification of the design and implementation of architectures that exploit recursive patterns and self-similarities to keep the industrial systems-of-systems problem under control, whilst addressing the consistent coupling between the physical environmental and the reasoning processes. The Beer’s viable system model is used as an inspiration towards new viable holistic visions of the production system-of-systems.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263571

Holonic Management Systems for Resilient Operation of Buildings
35th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Pirani, Massimiliano; Messi, Leonardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Bonci, Andrea; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Building management systems monitor and control building performances in real-time. Most control systems, which have been developed in the last decade, achieve the required performances relying on a centralised and hierarchical framework. In the regular operation phase, these systems are usually able to efficiently reach their goals, whereas they often fail to stick to pre-determined targets in the presence of unforeseen disturbances. As a matter of fact, traditional control systems suffer complex unforeseen scenarios that cannot be modelled by the analytics and knowledge integrated in these systems, because hierarchical systems strive to keep full control at any level. As an alternative, holonic management systems, which have been successfully applied in the manufacturing field, can tackle this type of drawbacks. The flexibility of their elementary units, the holons, makes it possible to avoid the rigid structure of hierarchical systems so as to respond quickly to disturbances and dynamically re-arrange their structure. In this paper, a first holonic computing structure is developed for indoor comfort management in an office room. The structure developed can drive both the operation management phase and the medium- and long-term measurement of performances. The former is implemented by means of a sequence of specific minimum cost actions which is based on the overall throughput effectiveness (OTE) metrics. The latter exploits the same OTE metrics to suggest corrective and improvement actions. Finally, OTE diagnoses are re-directed to a BIM model to support decision making for long-term improvement actions on the building facility.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/263450

Decision Support Tool for Multi-Criteria Analyses of the Quality of Large Building Stock
Proceedings of ISARC 2017
Autore/i: Carbonari, A.; Giretti, A.; Corneli, Alessandra; Villa, V.; Di Giuda, G.
Editore: Tribun EU, s.r.o., Brno, 2017
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The management of any large building stock with limited resources poses a problem of prioritization of refurbishment actions. Also, available technical information about the building stock is often incomplete and the process of standardization and updating is expensive and time consuming. Some public owners are developing preliminary BIM models of their stock, but they are willing to limit the complexity of the models within the lowest amount of information required for management and maintenance, so as to make that process affordable. Indeed, administrations are challenged by their duty relative to planning regular maintenance and operation of buildings, because of the legislation in force, which requires monitoring of their facilities. For the reasons stated above, this paper presents a decision support tool that can help prioritize refurbishment actions on large building assets. To this purpose, many requirements must be jointly considered in this examination, each requirement being assessed by means of one or several indicators. Then the indicators are compared one another, according to a multi-criteria approach, that weighs the several criteria and rank the assets. In order to deal with the extensive and uncertain information that must be managed in this process, indicators are estimated by means of Bayesian Networks. This tool is used first to assess the technical indicators and rank the assets, while marking any facilities not complying with regulations. Then, additional Bayesian Networks are in charge of estimating the budget needed to upgrade non-compliant facilities with minimum legislation requirements. The outcomes of this research can be used even to assess the level of detail of the information that must be included in BIM models of the stock, in fact acting as guidelines for their development. Finally, the application of the decision tool on a real test case will be presented.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/254086

Integration of control policies for comfort improvement in a large public building
Proceedings of ISARC 2017
Autore/i: Vaccarini, M.; Piccinini, A.; D’Angelo, L.; Carbonari, A.
Editore: Tribun EU, s.r.o., Brno, 2017
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Some public buildings, which date back to the 1980-1990s, often miss to comply with comfort basic requirements. Also, their energy consumption is often above thresholds posed by regulations presently in force. Hence, low-cost technology improvements for renovation with high return on investment is a good opportunity in order to limit the required budget. To this purpose, the integration of advanced control policies may optimize energy use of buildings with minimum hardware enhancement. In this paper, we evaluated the performances of an existing building that belongs to the campus of the Università Politecnica delle Marche (Ancona, Italy), and that is made of offices, teaching rooms, laboratories, a library and other public spaces. Thanks to an extensive monitoring of indoor comfort conditions, the main inefficiencies in terms of comfort were analyzed and a Dymola model of the actual building was worked out. Then, some energy improvement actions were assumed and tested by means of numerical simulation in the Dymola environment, and the benefits in terms of comfort and energy saving were estimated. Meanwhile, a BIM model of the building was built, regarding both the present status and each improved scenario, that allowed to perform a detailed cost estimation of each scenario. As a result, a cost-benefit analyses of each renovation scenario was performed and all the options were compared. The analyses showed that some renovation actions could be supported by energy savings with reasonable return on investment.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/254087

Development and calibration of a model for the dynamic simulation of fans with induction motors
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Casals, Miquel
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: In this paper a model for the dynamic simulation of fans used in mechanical air supply systems is described. Thanks to this model, the behavior of fans subject to control by variable frequency drives (VFD) can be predicted, which includes power absorbed by the fan and expected ventilation rates. Hence, it can help design energy control systems for buildings. The proposed model was based on the Modelica language and was developed from the dynamic phasor domain representation, because this representation is a trade-off between the basic non transient representation, that is computationally efficient but cannot describe fan dynamics, and the dynamic time domain model, that is the most representative one but computationally very demanding. A comparison among these models showed that, within fan frequency variations typical of ventilation systems in buildings, the phasor domain model is as representative as the more complex dynamic time domain model in terms of prediction of the dynamic behavior, that is neglected by the basic non transient model. Moreover, the new phasor domain model was validated against measured data relative to a fan installed in a subway station in Barcelona. Thanks to this model, energy consumption of dynamically driven fans can be estimated at the simulation stage, at the expense of a reasonable computational effort.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/244820

A decision support system for the multicriteria analysis of existing stock
PROCEDIA ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Corneli, A.; Meschini, Silvia; Villa, V.; Di Giuda, G. M.; Carbonari, A.
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Owners of any large building stock, such as public administrations, usually have to manage a huge variety of buildings with a limited budget. For this reason, targeted refurbishing actions are needed to ensure that those buildings comply with the latest standards, to preserve the stock and also keep it in good condition. As a result, most public administrators have to make important decisions regarding what part of their stock should be refurbished first. In this paper a new methodology regarding an objective assessment of the quality of large building stock is suggested, as it could help prioritize refurbishment actions. The methodology is based on a decision support system, that is capable of semiautomatically evaluating the compliance of existing buildings with a set of rules by means of the application of Bayesian Networks. The main findings of this research led to the identification of relevant parameters to be used for that assessment; the re-use of those parameters to build a multi-criteria analysis tool; the identification of criteria and requirements to interface this decision tool with BIM models of the stock under consideration. A rough estimation of costs needed to refurbish those buildings that are not compliant, in order to include budget concerns, will be dealt with in the next research step. Finally, a preliminary application of the decision support system to evaluate two Italian school buildings – selected as case studies - will be reported.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/254085

Empirical approach for estimating reduced order models of buildings
Proceedings ISTeA 2016
Autore/i: Benedettelli, M.; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Maggioli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: An energy audit is a standard process to support the decision-making in the area of energy management, aiming to improve buildings performance. Nevertheless, an energy auditor does not succeed as easily and quickly in identifying all the energy streams in a facility in order to decide whether retrofitting the audited object is beneficial. In fact, energy auditing of buildings is usually a time consuming and expensive process, due to efforts required for data collection and modelling of audited objects. However, the modelling phase might be made less demanding, thanks to the development of reduced models, conceived in the form of lumped parameters models. According to relevant literature, the detailed physical models are time consuming and often quite expensive; they are adopted when a very detailed evaluation is necessary. On the contrary, reduced-order models, also called grey-box models, showed their reliability to achieve a suitable description of the thermal response of buildings. The thermal parameters of the simplified models are usually extracted in real time; this allows estimating the thermal response of a building in its current state, whose information can be reused to make predictions about its expected behaviour. This paper attempts to derive a quick and efficient modelling procedure by identifying the unknown properties of a mathematical model based on partial observations of the heat dynamics of the building, that is, in our case, a small data collection of temperature measurements. Starting from a preliminary test performed in the machine laboratory of our department at the Università Politecnica delle Marche, the investigated empirical procedure for deriving grey-box models will be provided and the results will be analysed. The potential for energy retrofitting will be evaluated in order to define future developments.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245852

Estimation of reduced-order models from empirical observations
Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Buildings, Energy, Systems and Technology
Autore/i: Benedettelli, M.; Carnevali, M.; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245632

Performance analysis of Model Predictive Control for the thermal control of buildings
Proceedings ISTeA 2016
Autore/i: Lemma, Massimo; Luzi, M.; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Maggioli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: The objective of this work is to set up a method to control the thermal behavior of existing buildings, by means of the model based predictive control approach. In the past years, several works about the predictive control problem for buildings have been produced in literature, but so far a method that describes how to approach this problem and how to optimize its control parameters has not been defined, yet. This work suggests a method supporting the customization of a model based predictive control system, in order to optimize its performance according to the real characteristics of the building. Also, the method suggests how to fine-tune control parameters according to the control policy (e.g. maximization of comfort or energy saving). The proposed method has been validated on a real case study, proving its effectiveness even in the presence of limited accuracy of the reduced model of the building. As for the selected case study, assuming a 50% error on the model, we proved that, thanks to the use of this method, the energy saving increases 8% as compared to the PID control, while thermal comfort increases by 33%.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245851

Wireless Real-Time Monitoring System for the Implementation of Intelligent Control in Subways
Real-Time Systems
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Mikko, Valta; Maddalena, Nurchis
Editore: INTECH
Luogo di pubblicazione: Rijeka
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: This chapter looks into the technical features of state-of-the-art wireless sensors networks for environmental monitoring. Technology advances in low-power and wireless devices have made the deployment of those networks more and more affordable. In addition, wireless sensor networks have become more flexible and adaptable to a wide range of situations. Hence, a framework for their correct implementation will be provided. Then, one specific application about real-time environmental monitoring in support of a model-based predictive control system installed in a metro station will be described. In these applications, filtering, resampling, and post-processing functions must be developed, in order to convert raw data into a dataset arranged in the right format, so that it can inform the algorithms of the control system about the current state of the domain under control. Finally, the whole architecture of the model-based predictive control and its final performances will be reported.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236367

Design and simulation of a fuzzy supervisory control system integrated in a small public building
33rd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction - ISARC 2016
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Meschini, S.; Benedettelli, M.
Editore: Auburn University
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Public administrations are encouraged to adopt actions for energy requalification of public buildings, which are responsible for considerable amounts of energy consumption. Low-cost technology improvements for energy renovation with high return on investment is a good opportunity when resource shortage hampers the adoption of expensive refurbishment. To this purpose, the integration of advanced control policies may optimize energy use of buildings with minimum hardware enhancement. In this contribution, we evaluated the performances of a control system based on fuzzy logic, supervising local Proportional-IntegrativeDerivative (PID) controllers, through numerical simulation. First, the design process will be described, with particular concern to the proper selection of the rules in the knowledge base and the design of the inference engine. Then, its performances will be compared with the ones provided by the use of just ordinary PID control units. The fuzzy based control system was simulated as an addiction to the heating system of an existing small public building, that is the “San Elpidio a Mare” community clinic located in Italy. The performances were assessed by means of simulations of an energy dynamic model developed in the DymolaTM environment, that had been previously validated with real consumption measurements. In this paper we will show not only what energy saving can be obtained by means of the fuzzy supervisor, but also its satisfactory performances in terms of stability of the control outputs.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245630

Reduced-order Models for Supporting Energy Audits of Buildings
Proceedings of 33rd ISARC 2016
Autore/i: Benedettelli, Mariangela; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Auburn University
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: An energy audit is a standard process to support the decision-making in the area of energy management. Nevertheless, an energy auditor does not succeed as easily and quickly in identifying all the energy streams in a facility in order to decide whether retrofitting the audited object is beneficial. In fact, energy auditing of buildings is usually a time consuming and expensive process, due to efforts required for data collection and modelling of audited objects. Therefore, a decision-making tool should support the modelling phase and this purpose might be achieved by means of reduced-order modelling, after a quick data acquisition, through on-site measurements. As highlighted in literature, reduced-order models, also called grey-box models, showed their reliability to achieve a suitable description of the thermal response of buildings in a short time. Besides, they are more cost-effective and their thermal parameters can be usually extracted in short time. Consequently, deriving a lumped parameter model, by means of measurements collected in a rather short period, could allow the owners and managers of real estates to perform fast and cheap preliminary assessment on the opportunity to implement energy renovation actions. Starting from a test performed in the machine laboratory of our department at the Universit? Politecnica delle Marche, the investigated empirical procedure for deriving grey-box models will be provided and energy saving opportunities, within an energy retrofit, will be analysed as an example about the application of this procedure.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/245629

Evaluation of energy conservation opportunities through Energy Performance Contracting: A case study in Italy
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: Principi, Paolo; Fioretti, Roberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Lemma, Massimo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Non-residential buildings like healthcare ones contribute to energy consumption and cause a negative environmental impact. This is mainly due to the age of the buildings, their poor level of energy efficiency and the implementation of only a basic maintenance plan. Owing to the very limited budget available for public administrators, Energy Performance Contracting (EPC), that entails the involvement of an Energy Service Company (ESCo), can provide the entire or part of the capital needed for investments aimed at progressively increasing energy efficiency over their service life. In this paper, three acute hospitals and two community clinics built in Italy are analysed, in order to assess the economic feasibility of several energy renovation actions that can be included within EPC contracts. To this purpose, the outcomes of energy audits carried out in 2014 about these buildings are reported, which involved analyses of consumption measured over the previous three years and assessment of use profiles for the development of models to break down the overall consumption and to estimate potential savings. Diverse improvement strategies were assessed, consisting in either isolated or combined renovation actions and tested on the five buildings, whose comparison was carried out in terms of energy saving, pollution reduction and economic feasibility. As a result, the best combined renovation actions per each hospital were recommended, that included - but were not limited to - the improvement of the control and regulation of existing sub-systems without replacement, partial replacement of other sub-systems and integration of renewables. Finally, each scenario was evaluated through the payback period and other economic performance indexes in order-to assess the feasibility of the EPC framework when applied to this case study.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/236368

Feasibility analyses relative to energy retrofitting of acute hospitals and community clinics
Proceedings of ISTeA 2015
Autore/i: Lemma, Massimo; Principi, Paolo; Fioretti, Roberto; Carbonari, Alessandro
Editore: Maggioli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229755

Reduced order modelling for control and management of buildings
Proceedings of ISTeA 2015
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Benedettelli, Mariangela; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: Maggioli
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229756

A Lumped Parameter Model for Dynamic Simulation of Energy Control Policies Applied to Small Public Buildings
Proceedings of 32nd ISARC
Autore/i: Pontoni, Riccardo; Giuliani, Martina; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: As public buildings are responsible for considerable amounts of fuel consumption, public administrations are encouraged to adopt interventions for energy requalification of their real estates. In particular, low-cost energy requalification with high return on investments is a good opportunity when resource shortage hampers the adoption of expensive refurbishment. However, in order to properly plan such a process, a detailed energy audit must be carried out. In addition, a reliable model of the audited building is needed to breakdown the whole energy consumption and to simulate prospective energy savings from candidate requalification strategies. To that purpose, this paper will describe a new-generation Dymola based simulation approach, that is reliable enough for assessing the dynamic behaviour of public buildings, even when non-standard systems and heat transfer phenomena are involved. This model provides users with two main advantages: on one hand it facilitates the simulation of interacting physical phenomena (e.g. fluid-dynamics, thermal exchange etc...), on the other hand it allows to simulate even advanced control of existing HVAC systems. This last feature is not typical of standard energy simulation software programs. In addition, it is needed when we deal with low-cost energy requalification, because it is usually aimed at the enhancement of existing regulation devices, so that their behaviour must be simulated in order to find out the best customized control policy. Finally, the paper will assess energy savings which can be obtained through the improvement of the HVAC system's control policy for a case study relative to a small public building, that is used as a community clinic.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229754

A Wireless System for Real-time Environmental and Energy Monitoring of a Metro Station: Lessons Learnt from a Three-year Research Project
Proceedings of 32nd ISARC
Autore/i: Nurchis, Maddalena; Valta, Mikko; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Optimal energy management of underground transportation systems is widely recognized as a key aspect for significant energy savings at regional level. The three-year long EU funded “Seam4us” research project (2011 to 2014) aims to create a system for optimized integrated energy management, relying on the Passeig de Gracia metro station in Barcelona as the pilot station. One of the outcomes of the project was the installation of a wireless sensor network, in order to track in real time both environmental and energy parameters. The data collected by the network have been exploited to inform an intelligent control system about the state of the station. In fact, a reliable real-time sensing is critical for implementing advanced control policies in any kind of environment. For that reason, this paper will report on the Seam4us findings regarding real-time sensing of that quite harsh domain. The design criteria and constraints that led to the final installation will be argued. Then, post-processing functions, i.e. those algorithms turning raw data into the variables which can be processed by the controller, will be described. Finally, the general performance of the system will be discussed, in terms of reliability of data exchange and energy efficiency.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229753

Innovative evaporative cooling walls
Eco-efficient Materials for Mitigating Building Cooling Needs
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; D'Orazio, Marco
Editore: Woodhead Elsevier
Luogo di pubblicazione: Amsterdam
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Abstract: In this chapter we will present the basics of evaporative cooling walls. Water evaporative cooling systems exploit the latent heat of evaporation of water to reduce sensible heat of air, and therefore its temperature. Based on this principle, both direct and indirect approaches can be developed. Their adoptionmay dramatically decrease (and sometimes even cancel) cooling loads in warm and hot seasons. So these walls are the best candidates for adoption inmild climates with relatively long summer seasons,where the use of highly insulatedwalls to limit heating loads may cause internal overheating in hot periods and make the indoors quite uncomfortable and unhealthy. Not only can this technology considerably decrease incoming cooling loads, which is beneficial during warm and hot seasons, but it also keeps high insulation standards against heat dispersion in winter. More specifically, evaporative cooling walls represent an example of a hybrid solution deriving from the combination of ventilated fac¸ades and water evaporative cavity walls. In this chapter we will look into this technology, starting with an overview of the state of the art, then going through the basics of evaporative cooling systems and, finally, focusing on the issue of evaporative cooling walls. In particular, Section 8.4 will be devoted to highlighting some important concepts that are useful for their design, and will describe the experience gained by the authors while working in this field. Likely future trends, suggested sources of information, and conclusions will end the chapter.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/227693

Managing energy retrofit of acute hospitals and community clinics through EPC contracting: The MARTE project.
ENERGY PROCEDIA
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Fioretti, Roberto; Lemma, Massimo; Principi, Paolo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Acute hospitals and community clinics contribute to energy consumption and have a negative environmental impact. This is mainly due to the age of the buildings, a poor level of energy efficiency and a basic maintenance plan. Owing to the very limited money available for public administrators, Energy Performance Contracting (EPC), involving an Energy Service Company (ESCo), can provide the capital needed for investments aimed at increasing energy efficiency. In this paper three acute hospitals and two community clinics in Italy are analyzed prior to EPC development in order to assess the economic feasibility of retrofit strategies. The outcome of energy audits carried out in 2014, the analyses of consumption measured over the last 3 years, and the assessment of use profiles were all considered for the development of models to break down the overall consumption and to assess potential savings. Recommended improvement strategies include better insulation in envelopes, enhancement of mechanical and lighting equipment, use of renewable energy, better regulation of systems. Finally, payback periods for the most likely scenarios were evaluated.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/233795

Testing of a Tracer Gas Based Measurement Procedure to Assess Air Change Rates in Buildings
Proceedings of the 32nd ISARC
Autore/i: Benedettelli, Mariangela; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Pascucci, Michele
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Buildings energy audits ask for a thorough analysis of the audit object. According to the series EN 16247, all the factors affecting actual energy consumption must be assessed and estimated. One of the hardest contributions to be quantified at this stage is air change rates of buildings, particularly when no mechanical air supply system is installed. In this case, just air leakages through the external envelope and users behavior (e.g. opening of doors and windows) will determine the actual figures of air change rates. As a consequence, no direct measurement can be made. Among the indirect measurement approaches, the procedure using the decay of indoor carbon dioxide concentration provided good results, as described in literature. However, a number of disturbing factors must be considered, because they affect the transient behavior of air exchange between indoor and outdoor. As a consequence, the experimental setup that must be used should be made up of a kit of sensors, and the concentration decay must be evaluated with respect to the actual behavior of related parameters, such as outdoor air pressure and wind speed. This paper will provide more insights into the possibility of developing a testing kit for the energy auditor, so that she/he can evaluate air change rates of buildings through quick on-site surveys in the audited object, and then use the information thus collected as an input for the energy audit process. Such a challenge requires the development of a quite cheap, easy to install and low invasive monitoring kit, which is based on state-of-the-art wireless and low power monitoring technology. In addition, data analyses must be quick and partially automated. Finally, a preliminary test performed in a room of the Engineering Faculty at the Università Politecnica delle Marche in Ancona (Italy) will be reported.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/229752

Development of a first prototype of a liquid-shaded dynamic glazed facade for buildings
Proceedings of CC 2014
Autore/i: Marco, Cecchi; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Editore: OOK-Press Ltd. Hungary
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/206314

Potential Energy Savings Deriving From The Lighting System Renovation In A Community Clinic
Proceedings of KGH 2014
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Lorenzo, Nobili; Riccardo, Pontoni
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/206535

Preliminary tests on a wireless sensor network for pervasive dust monitoring in construction sites
THE OPEN ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Fava, Gabriele; Carbonari, Alessandro; E., Quaquero
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/206538

Measured And Estimated Breakdown Of Energy Consumption In A Community Clinic
Proceedings of KGH 2014
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Martina, Giuliani; Ruffini, Sara; Lemma, Massimo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/206536

Development of an Expert Model to Assess Falls from Height Hazards in Construction Sites
JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Autore/i: Carlo, Argiolas; Carbonari, Alessandro; Emanuela, Quaquero
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This paper reports on the current state of an ongoing research project which is aimed at implementing intelligent models for hardly predictable hazard scenarios identification in construction sites. As any programmatic actions cannot deal with the unpredictable nature of many risk dynamics, an attempt to improve the current approach for safety management in the construction industry will be presented in this paper. To this aim, the features offered by Bayesian networks have been exploited. The present research has led to the definition of a probabilistic model using elicitation techniques from subjective knowledge. This model, which might be meant as a reliable knowledge map about accident dynamics, showed that a relevant part of occurrences fall in the “hardly predictable hazards” category, which cannot be warded off by programmatic safety measures. Hence, more effort turned out to be needed in order to manage those hardly predictable hazardous scenarios. Consequently, further developments of this research project will focus on a real time monitoring system for the identification of unpredictable hazardous events in construction.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/182303

Automation solutions supporting real-time safety and work progress management in construction
Proceedings of CTM 2014
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto; Naticchia, Berardo
Editore: STU Bratislava
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/206530

Bayesian Networks for Supporting Model Based Predictive Control of Smart Buildings
Dynamic Programming and Bayesian Inference, Concepts and Applications
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Giretti, Alberto
Editore: InTEch
Luogo di pubblicazione: Rijeka
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/182306

Comparative Experimental Evaluation of Dust Sensors for Environmental Monitoring on Construction Sites
PROCEEDINGS OF ISARC 2014
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Fava, Gabriele; Naticchia, Berardo
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/182304

Development and First Testing of a Framework for Predictive Energy Control of Underground Stations
PROCEEDINGS OF ISARC 2014
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; R., Ansuini; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/182305

Development of a first prototype of a liquid-shaded dynamic glazed facade for buildings
PROCEDIA ENGINEERING
Autore/i: Marco, Cecchi; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/220915

Empirical approach for real-time estimation of air flow rates in a subway station
TUNNELLING AND UNDERGROUND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Autore/i: DI PERNA, Costanzo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Ansuini, Roberta; M., Casals
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: The EU-funded project called SEAM4US (Sustainable Energy mAnageMent for Underground Stations) is targeted to define advanced control systems for cost-effective management of subway stations, which will be applied to the pilot "Passeig de Gracia" station of the metro network in Barcelona (Spain). To this aim, the environmental conditions of the station must be monitored in real-time. In particular, this paper focuses on the challenge of air flows estimation because this is one of the most critical yet tough variables to be monitored: expensive and intrusive measurement methodologies cannot be used extensively. So a novel methodology, based on the use of ordinary measurement probes and analytical methods and capable of identifying in real-time the intensity and dynamics of ventilation that is taking place, will be suggested. The information deriving from real-time measurements and analyses will be used to dynamically adjust the mechanical ventilation burden, that is currently relying on the station's air supply system, thanks to the adoption of intelligent control systems. Our study is based on both a measurement survey carried out in the aforementioned station and numeric analyses.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/182302

Development of Bayesian models for predictive energy control of buildings
ICT, Automation and the Industry of the Built Environment
Autore/i: Ansuini, Roberta; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: MAGGIOLI S.P.A
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/140683

Adaptive and predictive control for energy management of buildings
Changing Needs, Adaptive Buildings, Smart Cities
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Ansuini, Roberta
Editore: PoliScript
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/138866

Advanced technologies for supporting health and safety in construction management
IN BO
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/140684

Integration of intelligent models and sensing to prevent hardly predictable hazards in construction sites
Proceedings of ISARC 2013
Autore/i: E., Quaquero; C., Argiolas; F., Melis; Carbonari, Alessandro
Editore: Tribun EU Brno
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/138863

Preliminary implementation of a predictive control for ventilation systems in metro stations
Proceedings of ISARC 2013
Autore/i: Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto
Editore: Tribun EU Brno
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/138865

Pervasive sensor network for real time environmental monitoring in construction sites
Proceedings of ISARC 2013
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; G., Novembri
Editore: Tribun EU Brno
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/138864

A monitoring system for real-time interference control on construction sites
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: This paper surveys the feasibility of an infrastructureless real-time monitoring system to provide prompt support for inspectors in charge of health and safety management on construction sites. The system was tested in the specific application of monitoring interference between teams working on large construction sites. The system accounts for a wireless and untethered tracking technology and a local server running a software tool for handling collected data, real-time site state visualization and remote interaction with safety inspectors. The low-level tracking technology is a ZigBee-based easily deployable and reconfigurable technology. In this paper the system is found to be able to cover large fields while keeping its non-invasive features, thanks to the implementation of a novel low-power approach. This paper shows the degree of support inspectors can get from the system: it is able to alert in the occurrence of interference and to log any unexpected behavior.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/94262

Real-time diagnosis for building structural monitoring
The Missin Brick: towards a 21st century Built Environment Industry
Autore/i: Vaccarini, Massimo; Naticchia, Berardo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Scorrano, Pierpaolo
Editore: MAGGIOLI EDITORE
Luogo di pubblicazione: Segrate (Milano)
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81754

An expert model for estimating hazard levels in construction sites
The missing brick: towards a 21st century Built Environment Industry
Autore/i: Quaquero, E.; Argiolas, C.; Carbonari, Alessandro; Melis, F.
Editore: MAGGIOLI EDITORE
Luogo di pubblicazione: Segrate (Milano)
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81752

Predictive control of ventilation systems in large underground public buildings
The Missing Brick: towards a 21st century Built Environment Industry
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Pescatori, G.
Editore: MAGGIOLI EDITORE
Luogo di pubblicazione: Segrate (Milano)
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81753

Hybrid Modeling for Energy Saving in Subway Stations
Proceedings of the 2012 Building Simulation and Optimization Conference
Autore/i: Ansuini, R.; Larghetti, R.; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Giretti, Alberto; Ruffini, S.; Guo, H.; Lau, S. L.
Editore: Loughborough University
Luogo di pubblicazione: Loughborough
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/87420

Increasing competitiveness of construction companies through automation technologies
The missing brick: towards a 21st century Built Environment Industry
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Novembri, G.; Naticchia, Berardo
Editore: MAGGIOLI EDITORE
Luogo di pubblicazione: Segrate (Milano)
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81755

Energy Saving trhough adaptive control of ventilation systems
GERONTECHNOLOGY
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Abstract: Purpose Embedded sensors coupled with intelligent control logics may be able to provide adaptive control of conditioning systems in buildings. Current building systems are inefficient in their energy usage in maintaining occupant comfort because they operate according to fixed schedules and maximum design occupancy assumptions1 . In this paper we present first models of ventilation systems in subways, targeted at estimating the savings attainable from the application of an intelligent adaptive control and to design an object-based model. This model will be implemented to control in real-time the operation of the ventilation systems. The models referred to are those of the test-case of Passeig de Gracia (PdG) subway station in Barcelona. Method This research is part of a EU FP7 currently funded project, entitled SEAM4US2 , aimed at defining a technological and methodological framework for optimized energy management in public underground spaces and at developing a fully featured pilot system for the dynamic control of the energy performances in PdG subway station in Barcelona. This paper deals with specifically energy savings from adaptive predictive control of fans and investigates how models can be developed. This particular station is served by axial fans with a ducted outlet3 . Performances were simulated through a Response Factors Method software programme. Adaptive and predictive control was designed, relaying predictions of user behavior in the station and receiving real-time context data from pervasive monitoring and actuator networks. Energy savings derived from the use of such an adaptive control were estimated, and a first lumped parameters model for the implementation of the predictive and adaptive control was developed in the DymolaTM environment. Results & Discussion We found that replacing the old-fashioned fixed schedule ventilation with the new adaptive approach, conditioning may be differentiated according to space and time. Theory suggests this may result in non-traction energy savings well above 10%.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74174

A Spatio-Temporal Bayesian Network for Adaptive Risk Management in Territorial Emergency Response Operations
Bayesian Networks
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Naticchia, Berardo
Editore: InTech
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/68420

Ultra Wide Band Positioning Systems for Advanced Construction Site Management
New Approach of Indoor and Outdoor Localization Systems
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo
Editore: InTech
Luogo di pubblicazione: Rijeka
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/81362

A Bayesian model for real-time safety management in construction sites
Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Quaquero, Emanuela; Argiolas, Carlo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Melis, Filippo
Editore: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk; G.J. Maas; F.J.M. van Gassel
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Purpose This article reports on an ongoing research project, which is aimed at implementing advanced probabilistic models for real-time identification of hazardous events at construction sites. The model has intelligent capabilities for near real-time automated recognition of hazardous events during the execution phase. To achieve this, features of Bayesian Networks have been exploited. In addition, inputs to the model are assumed to be provided by a pervasive monitoring system deployed on the site. The need for this kind of intelligent tool is determined by the complexity inherent in construction sites, due to a variety of reasons, such as heterogeneity of the actors, the simultaneous nature of operations, harsh contextual conditions, and the only partially efficient current approach based on health and safety plans. Hence, this model is proposed as a support tool for health and safety coordinators for supervision of sites as they cannot guarantee a continuous physical presence. Method Given that there are no long-time series on past occurrences of hazardous events in all the potential contextual combinations presently available, the probabilistic models cannot be learned just through datasets. For that reason, the available data have been integrated with expert opinions. In particular, the conditional probabilities of the Bayesian networks are estimated by an elicitation process of subjective knowledge from the opinions of experts. The complexity of the phenomena under analysis are modelled as a tree structure with several levels (corresponding to the work-breakdown structure hierarchy), which itself is based on the top-down technique; it provides therefore a clear view of the global picture. The built-hierarchical tree allows the expert to weigh more easily causal relationships involved and also to define the qualitative structure of the net. Furthermore, the article describes and tests how conditional probabilities of the variables in the networks can be estimated, through gathering and interviewing groups of stakeholders and experts. Results & Discussion Our research has led to the definition of a probabilistic model using elicitation techniques for subjective knowledge. Furthermore, the development of such a model is part of a wider system relying on the implementation of a real-time monitoring network.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74367

Experimental estimation of the solar properties of a switchable liquid shading system for glazed facades
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
Autore/i: Carbonari, Alessandro; Fioretti, R.; Naticchia, Berardo; Principi, Paolo
Classificazione: 1 Contributo su Rivista
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/63565

Ultra-pervasive district monitoring for water leak detection
Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Vaccarini, Massimo; Naticchia, Berardo; A., Casolaro; Carbonari, Alessandro
Editore: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk; G.J. Maas; F.J.M. van Gassel
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Purpose One of the main concerns regarding integrated water resources management is related to the development of scalable monitoring and control systems for pro-active maintenance of water distribution networks. It is necessary for the availability of ultra-pervasive sensor-actuator networks to be deployed at the district level. The same technology is useful for several other applications involving sensors accrued from city to building scale. This paper deals with the design, development, and initial experiments of a first prototype of ultra-pervasive monitoring network for automated leakage detection in water distributions system (WDS). These pose technology challenges mainly generated by the need to transmit from underground. Method The availability of a new generation of ultra-pervasive communication and monitor-ing systems is a prerequisite for providing fine-grained, real-time monitoring data at district level, so that control policies can be applied in real-time. The sensing layer developed in the system object of this paper is intended for a dense de-ployment even underground. It is based on short-range battery-operated wireless networks, forming a mesh made up of end devices (sensors/actuators), routers/repeaters and coordinators/gateways. The coordinators/gateways –besides coordinating the network routing– transfer sensors packets to a host application enabling interconnection to fixed and mobile networks made available by the Telco operator. Because of this set-up the network can cover a large territory at low cost. It supports leakage detection algorithms, estimates leakage occurrence probability and pinpoints them. Results & Discussion First laboratory trials and preliminary onsite experiments show the feasibility of the approach and the potential for ultrapervasive communication through the network. Results indicate this system to be cheap and easily deployable alongside WDS.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74364

Estimation of job-site work progress through on-site monitoring
Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Novembri, G.; Robuffo, Federico
Editore: J.E.M.H. van Bronswijk; G.J. Maas; F.J.M. van Gassel
Classificazione: 4 Contributo in Atti di Convegno (Proceeding)
Abstract: Purpose This paper reports on the development of intelligent probabilistic models for real-time estimation of construc-tion progress, which operate on the basis of a continuous data flow collected by monitoring networks deployed on-site. Several authors listed the advantages that would be provided by the availability of such models, like project performance and quality control, timely onsite inspections, better control of health and safety prescriptions against job injuries and fatalities. The findings reported in this paper represent a feasibility study and preliminary examples of Bayesian Net-works, which are able to infer the work progress attained at every step, starting from real-time tracks of the construction site activities. Activity tracks are represented as a set of state variables figuring out workers’ effort, equipment and mate-rials usage rates and other knowledge about the context. Method As estimations are always related to dynamic pro-cesses, Dynamic Object Oriented Bayesian Networks have been used to develop a set of first order Hidden Markov Models. Hence, the models are arranged as a sequence of time steps, where each time step propagates evidences collected by the site monitoring sensor network along the time line. The actual cumulative progress is computed as a function of the progress achieved in each time step. Models representing a number of typical tasks (external piping, on-site cast of reinforced concrete floor slab, walls erection, ceiling installation) for a real case of a construction site have been developed. Their structure has been designed as part of a general monitoring framework, covering all the phases from design to execution, where BIM design, monitoring systems, methodological process innovations, intelligent infer-ences and advanced visualization are combined. Results & Discussion The networks have been developed and vali-dated through data collected from a real case, and they have been shown to be able to infer work progress, the accuracy of which depends on the resolution and quality of the collected data.
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/74175

Interoperable approach in support of semi-automated construction management
Proceedings (Part 1) of ISARC 2011
Autore/i: Giretti, Alberto; Carbonari, Alessandro; Vaccarini, Massimo; Robuffo, Federico; Naticchia, Berardo
Editore: Secretariat PEOPLE-X Inc.
Luogo di pubblicazione: Seoul
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/59700

Auto-regressive compensation technique for a reliable non invasive structural health monitoring system
Proceedings (Part 2) of ISARC 2011
Autore/i: Naticchia, Berardo; Vaccarini, Massimo; Carbonari, Alessandro; Scorrano, Pierpaolo
Editore: Secretariat PEOPLE-X, Inc.
Luogo di pubblicazione: Seoul
Classificazione: 2 Contributo in Volume
Scheda della pubblicazione: https://iris.univpm.it/handle/11566/59701